A nurse is monitoring a client receiving an infusion of IV magnesium sulfate. Which of the following findings would indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing hypermagnesemia?
Hypertension and headache
Tachycardia and tachypnea
Depressed deep tendon reflexes
Positive Trousseau's sign
The Correct Answer is C
A. Hypertension and headache are not typical signs of hypermagnesemia. These symptoms are more commonly associated with conditions like hypertension or intracranial pressure.
B. Tachycardia and tachypnea are not characteristic of hypermagnesemia. In fact, hypermagnesemia typically causes bradycardia and hypoventilation due to the depressant effect of magnesium on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
C. Depressed deep tendon reflexes are a classic sign of hypermagnesemia. Magnesium sulfate acts as a central nervous system depressant, and elevated magnesium levels can impair neuromuscular function, leading to reduced reflexes.
D. Positive Trousseau's sign is indicative of hypocalcemia, not hypermagnesemia. It is a sign of low calcium levels, where a blood pressure cuff inflated above systolic pressure for 3 minutes causes muscle spasms in the hand and forearm.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Avoiding crowds is appropriate, as both Sulfasalazine and Azathioprine can suppress the immune system, increasing the risk of infection.
B. It is correct that it may take several weeks for these medications to show effects, especially with Sulfasalazine. This is a reasonable statement.
C. Notifying the provider if the client experiences fevers is important because it could be a sign of infection, which is a potential side effect of Azathioprine, an immunosuppressive drug.
D. Orange urine is a common side effect of Sulfasalazine and is harmless. The client should not go to the emergency room for this symptom, as it is a known and expected side effect. Therefore, the statement about going to the emergency room indicates a need for further teaching.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Decreasing fluid intake can actually increase the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) because it leads to concentrated urine and less frequent urination, which reduces the ability to flush bacteria from the urinary tract.
B. Cleansing the perineal area from back to front increases the risk of transferring bacteria from the rectum to the urethra, which is a common cause of UTIs. The correct technique is to cleanse from front to back.
C. Utilizing cotton rather than synthetic undergarments is beneficial because cotton is breathable and helps keep the genital area dry, reducing the risk of bacterial growth and infection.
D. Urinary tract infections are unavoidable in the elderly is not true. While the elderly may be at increased risk due to factors such as weakened immune systems, UTIs can often be prevented with proper hygiene, hydration, and lifestyle changes.
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