A nurse is providing education to a patient being treated with sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Bactrim) and phenazopyridine (Pyridium) for a urinary tract infection. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"I should drink 1 to 2 glasses of fluid a day to help flush the bacteria out."
"My medication may discolor my urine, this should resolve once the medication is stopped."
"I should stop taking my medications once symptoms have resolved."
"These medications are given to treat fungal infections."
The Correct Answer is B
A. The patient should increase fluid intake to 6 to 8 glasses of water daily, not 1 to 2 glasses, to help flush bacteria out of the urinary tract.
B. Phenazopyridine (Pyridium) can cause orange or red discoloration of urine, which is a harmless and temporary side effect that resolves after the medication is stopped. This indicates the patient understands the teaching.
C. Stopping medications prematurely can lead to incomplete treatment of the infection and potential antibiotic resistance. Patients should complete the full course of prescribed antibiotics.
D. Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Bactrim) is an antibacterial, and phenazopyridine is a urinary analgesic; neither medication is used to treat fungal infections.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Ensuring an incentive spirometer is available is important for postoperative care to prevent atelectasis, but it is not the priority immediately before surgery.
B. Preoperative teaching is valuable but should ideally be completed earlier in the care process. Last-minute teaching may overwhelm the patient or delay critical interventions.
C. Reporting allergies is essential, but if the allergy to sardines does not pertain to the current surgical plan or medications, it is not the immediate priority in this situation.
D. Administering the preoperative intravenous antibiotic is the top priority because it helps reduce the risk of surgical site infections. Timing of preoperative antibiotics is critical to their effectiveness.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Hemoglobin A1C of 7.2 is diagnostic for diabetes. An A1C of 6.5% or higher is diagnostic for diabetes, as it reflects the average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months.
B. Fasting plasma glucose of 98 mg/dl is within the normal range (70-99 mg/dl). A fasting plasma glucose of 126 mg/dl or higher is diagnostic for diabetes.
C. Two-hour plasma glucose of 140 mg/dl is within the normal range (less than 140 mg/dl after a glucose tolerance test). A two-hour plasma glucose of 200 mg/dl or higher is diagnostic for diabetes.
D. Random plasma glucose of 110 mg/dl is within the normal range. A random plasma glucose of 200 mg/dl or higher, along with symptoms of hyperglycemia, would be diagnostic for diabetes.
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