A nurse is monitoring a client's IV site.
The nurse should report which of the following findings as manifestations of phlebitis? (Select all that apply.).

Blistering around the insertion site.

Streak formation along the vein.

Erythema at the insertion site.

Warmth at insertion site.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,D

Choice A rationale:

Blistering around the insertion site is not a common sign of phlebitis. It could indicate a more severe complication like extravasation or infiltration.

Choice B rationale:

Streak formation along the vein is a classic sign of phlebitis. It indicates inflammation and possible infection.

Choice C rationale:

Erythema at the insertion site is another common sign of phlebitis. It indicates inflammation.

Choice D rationale:

Warmth at the insertion site is also a common sign of phlebitis. It is caused by increased blood flow to the area due to inflammation. So, the correct answers are B, C, and D.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The correct answer is Choice B

Choice A rationale: Dantrolene is a direct-acting skeletal muscle relaxant that works by inhibiting calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells, thereby reducing muscle contraction. It is not intended for as-needed use during acute spasms but requires consistent dosing to maintain therapeutic levels. Intermittent use undermines its pharmacokinetics and may lead to subtherapeutic effects. The half-life of dantrolene is approximately 8.7 hours, and steady-state levels are necessary for optimal spasticity control in multiple sclerosis.

Choice B rationale: Dantrolene’s therapeutic effect on muscle spasticity may take several weeks to manifest due to its mechanism of action involving gradual reduction in intracellular calcium availability. If no improvement is noted within 3 months, it may indicate inadequate response or the need for dosage adjustment. Monitoring for efficacy is essential, as prolonged use without benefit increases risk of hepatotoxicity. Liver function tests should be monitored regularly. Normal ALT levels are 7–56 units/L; elevations may signal toxicity.

Choice C rationale: Dantrolene is classified as pregnancy category C, indicating that risk to the fetus cannot be ruled out. Animal studies have shown adverse effects, and there are no adequate human studies confirming safety during pregnancy. Therefore, it is not considered safe without careful risk-benefit analysis. Teratogenicity and fetal toxicity are concerns due to its action on muscle fibers and potential systemic effects. Pregnant clients should consult their provider before initiating or continuing dantrolene therapy.

Choice D rationale: Dantrolene does not directly affect calcium levels in the bloodstream. Its mechanism involves inhibition of calcium release within muscle cells, not systemic calcium metabolism. Routine calcium monitoring is not required unless the client has a separate condition affecting calcium homeostasis. Normal serum calcium levels range from 8.5 to 10.5 mg/dL. The primary lab concern with dantrolene is hepatotoxicity, necessitating regular liver function tests, not calcium surveillance. This statement reflects a misunderstanding of the drug’s effects.

Correct Answer is ["15"]

Explanation

Step 1 is to determine the amount of amantadine needed, which is 150 mg as prescribed.

Step 2 is to calculate the volume of the solution needed to deliver this dose. The available solution has a concentration of 50 mg per 5 mL. Using the formula:

(Prescribed dose ÷ Available dose) × Volume per dose

(150mg ÷ 50mg) × 5mL = 15mL

Therefore, the correct answer is 15 mL.

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A nurse is monitoring a client's IV site.The nurse should report which of the following findings as manifestations of phlebitis? (Select all that apply.).

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a female client who has multiple sclerosis and a new prescription for dantrolene. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["15"]

Explanation

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A nurse is monitoring a client's IV site.
The nurse should report which of the following findings as manifestations of phlebitis? (Select all that apply.).