A nurse is performing a neurological assessment on a client at home. During the assessment, the nurse notices that the client has a flat affect.
Which lobe of the brain is responsible for a person's affect?
Frontal lobe.
Occipital lobe.
Parietal lobe.
Temporal lobe.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
The frontal lobe is responsible for various high-level cognitive functions, including the regulation of emotions and affect. It plays a crucial role in personality expression, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. Damage or dysfunction in the frontal lobe can lead to changes in personality and affect, including a flat affect.
Choice B rationale
The occipital lobe is primarily responsible for processing visual information. It is located at the back of the brain and is not involved in regulating emotions or affect. Therefore, it does not play a role in the client’s flat affect.
Choice C rationale
The parietal lobe is involved in processing sensory information such as touch, temperature, and pain. It also plays a role in spatial orientation and motor control. However, it is not directly involved in regulating emotions or affect. Thus, it does not contribute to the client’s flat affect.
Choice D rationale
The temporal lobe is involved in processing auditory information and is critical for memory and language comprehension. While it plays a role in emotion processing, it is not the primary lobe responsible for affect. The frontal lobe has a more direct impact on emotional regulation and affect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Cushing syndrome is not associated with high urine output post-craniotomy. It is related to excessive cortisol production leading to weight gain, hypertension, and other symptoms.
Choice B rationale
Adrenal crisis involves insufficient production of cortisol and aldosterone, leading to symptoms like hypotension, fatigue, and abdominal pain, not high urine output.
Choice C rationale
Arginine vasopressin deficiency (AVP-D), also known as diabetes insipidus, causes the kidneys to excrete large amounts of dilute urine due to lack of ADH, leading to high urine output.
Choice D rationale
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) causes water retention and low urine output due to excess ADH, not the increased urine output seen in the scenario.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Necrosis is tissue death resulting from prolonged pressure, often a consequence rather than the direct cause of pressure ulcers. The primary cause is sustained pressure impairing blood flow.
Choice B rationale
Low capillary pressure does not directly cause pressure ulcers. They result from sustained external pressure exceeding capillary perfusion pressure, leading to ischemia and tissue damage.
Choice C rationale
Increased mobility actually prevents pressure ulcers by reducing sustained pressure on any one area, enhancing blood flow and tissue health. Immobility is a significant risk factor, not increased mobility.
Choice D rationale
Extrinsic factors like sustained pressure, friction, shear, and moisture contribute directly to pressure ulcer development by compromising skin integrity and blood flow, leading to tissue ischemia and damage.
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