A nurse is performing a neurological assessment on a client at home. During the assessment, the nurse notices that the client has a flat affect.

Which lobe of the brain is responsible for a person's affect?

Frontal lobe.

Occipital lobe.

Parietal lobe.

Temporal lobe.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

The frontal lobe is responsible for various high-level cognitive functions, including the regulation of emotions and affect. It plays a crucial role in personality expression, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. Damage or dysfunction in the frontal lobe can lead to changes in personality and affect, including a flat affect.

Choice B rationale

The occipital lobe is primarily responsible for processing visual information. It is located at the back of the brain and is not involved in regulating emotions or affect. Therefore, it does not play a role in the client’s flat affect.

Choice C rationale

The parietal lobe is involved in processing sensory information such as touch, temperature, and pain. It also plays a role in spatial orientation and motor control. However, it is not directly involved in regulating emotions or affect. Thus, it does not contribute to the client’s flat affect.

Choice D rationale

The temporal lobe is involved in processing auditory information and is critical for memory and language comprehension. While it plays a role in emotion processing, it is not the primary lobe responsible for affect. The frontal lobe has a more direct impact on emotional regulation and affect.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Tactile agnosia is the inability to recognize objects through touch, not vision. This condition affects the somatosensory cortex, impacting tactile processing.

Choice B rationale

Ataxia involves the loss of full control of bodily movements and coordination, not the inability to identify objects visually. It typically results from cerebellar dysfunction.

Choice C rationale

Visual agnosia is the inability to recognize familiar objects by sight despite having intact visual functioning. This condition often results from damage to the occipital or temporal lobes.

Choice D rationale

Positive Romberg sign indicates balance issues, typically seen when a client sways or falls when standing with eyes closed. It does not pertain to visual recognition deficits.

A. 5% deficit in body weight compared to pre-illness weight and increased caloric need. B. Significant risk of aspiration coupled with decreased level of consciousness. C. Calorie deficit and muscle wasting combined with low electrolyte levels. D. Inability to take adequate oral food or fluids within 7 days.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

A 5% deficit in body weight compared to pre-illness weight and increased caloric need may indicate the need for nutritional intervention, but it is not specific to parenteral nutrition. Acute pancreatitis patients often have difficulty maintaining nutritional intake due to pain and digestive issues, but a 5% weight deficit alone isn't a definitive trigger for PN.

Choice B rationale

A significant risk of aspiration and decreased level of consciousness indicates the need for close monitoring and possibly intubation to protect the airway. However, this alone doesn't necessitate parenteral nutrition unless it is combined with the inability to consume adequate nutrition orally or enterally.

Choice C rationale

A calorie deficit, muscle wasting, and low electrolyte levels are serious concerns that warrant nutritional support, but the specific indicator for parenteral nutrition is the inability to meet nutritional needs through oral or enteral routes. PN is a method to provide nutrition when GI tract use is not possible or adequate.

Choice D rationale

Inability to take adequate oral food or fluids within 7 days is a clear indication for parenteral nutrition. For patients with acute pancreatitis who cannot tolerate oral or enteral feeding, PN ensures they receive the necessary nutrients to support recovery and prevent further complications.

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A nurse is performing a neurological assessment on a client at home. During the assessment, the nurse notices that the client has a flat affect. Which lobe of the brain is responsible for a person's affect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client who has sustained a head injury cannot identify a familiar object. The nurse knows that this deficit is called which of the following?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A nurse is performing a neurological assessment on a client at home. During the assessment, the nurse notices that the client has a flat affect.

Which lobe of the brain is responsible for a person's affect?