A client is admitted to an acute care facility with a suspected dysfunction of the lower brain stem. The nurse should monitor this client closely for:

Fever.

Visual disturbance.

Gait alteration.

Hypoxia.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

Fever is typically regulated by the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that controls body temperature. Dysfunction of the lower brain stem does not typically cause fever.

Choice B rationale

Visual disturbances are often related to issues with the visual cortex or optic pathways, which are not part of the lower brain stem.

Choice C rationale

Gait alteration is typically associated with dysfunction in the cerebellum or motor pathways, rather than the lower brain stem.

Choice D rationale

Hypoxia, or decreased oxygen levels, can be a critical concern with lower brain stem dysfunction as the lower brain stem controls vital autonomic functions such as respiration and heart rate.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

The frontal lobe is responsible for various high-level cognitive functions, including the regulation of emotions and affect. It plays a crucial role in personality expression, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. Damage or dysfunction in the frontal lobe can lead to changes in personality and affect, including a flat affect.

Choice B rationale

The occipital lobe is primarily responsible for processing visual information. It is located at the back of the brain and is not involved in regulating emotions or affect. Therefore, it does not play a role in the client’s flat affect.

Choice C rationale

The parietal lobe is involved in processing sensory information such as touch, temperature, and pain. It also plays a role in spatial orientation and motor control. However, it is not directly involved in regulating emotions or affect. Thus, it does not contribute to the client’s flat affect.

Choice D rationale

The temporal lobe is involved in processing auditory information and is critical for memory and language comprehension. While it plays a role in emotion processing, it is not the primary lobe responsible for affect. The frontal lobe has a more direct impact on emotional regulation and affect.

A. "You may experience progressive deterioration in all voluntary muscles.”. B. "The strength of your arms and pelvic muscles will decrease gradually, but this should cause only slight disability.”. C. "You should ask your health care provider about that.”. D. "This form of muscular dystrophy is a relatively benign disease that progresses slowly.”. .

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Mixed muscular dystrophy leads to progressive deterioration in all voluntary muscles, causing increasing disability over time.

Choice B rationale

This statement is incorrect because mixed muscular dystrophy affects more than just the arms and pelvic muscles and leads to significant disability.

Choice C rationale

This is not an appropriate response as it does not provide any information and deflects the client's question.

Choice D rationale

Mixed muscular dystrophy is not considered benign, as it causes significant and progressive muscle deterioration.

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A client is admitted to an acute care facility with a suspected dysfunction of the lower brain stem. The nurse should monitor this client closely for:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is performing a neurological assessment on a client at home. During the assessment, the nurse notices that the client has a flat affect. Which lobe of the brain is responsible for a person's affect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client who has just been diagnosed with mixed muscular dystrophy asks the nurse about the usual course of this disease. How should the nurse respond?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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