A nurse is planning care for a client who is undergoing alcohol withdrawal and is receiving diazepam. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?

Administer the medication subcutaneously.

Initiate seizure precautions.

Administer the medication with an antacid.

Initiate contact precautions.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Administer the medication subcutaneously – Diazepam should be given orally or intravenously in severe cases, not subcutaneously.

B. Initiate seizure precautions – This is the correct answer. Alcohol withdrawal can lead to seizures due to central nervous system hyperactivity. Diazepam, a benzodiazepine, is used to prevent seizures and manage withdrawal symptoms.

C. Administer the medication with an antacid – There is no need to administer diazepam with an antacid; doing so can interfere with absorption.

D. Initiate contact precautions – Alcohol withdrawal is not an infectious condition, so contact precautions are unnecessary.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. This describes guided imagery, not progressive muscle relaxation.

B. Writing about emotions is a therapeutic strategy but not progressive relaxation.

C. Thinking about positive outcomes is a cognitive technique, not a physical relaxation method.

D. This is the correct answer. Progressive relaxation involves systematically tightening and relaxing muscle groups, which helps reduce stress and anxiety.

A. Shake both insulin vials for 2 min before withdrawing the doses. B. Administer the mixture within 5 min of preparing it. C. Withdraw the NPH insulin before the regular insulin. D. Inject air into the regular insulin vial before injecting air into the NPH vial.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Insulin vials should not be shaken because this can create air bubbles, leading to inaccurate dosing. Instead, NPH insulin should be gently rolled between the palms to evenly mix the suspension. Regular insulin does not require mixing.

B. Once regular and NPH insulin are mixed, they should be administered promptly to maintain their stability and effectiveness. Delaying administration may alter insulin absorption, leading to unpredictable glucose control.

C. Regular insulin should be drawn up before NPH insulin to prevent contaminating the clear regular insulin with the cloudy NPH insulin. The correct order is to inject air into the NPH vial first (without withdrawing insulin), then inject air into the regular insulin vial, withdraw the regular insulin, and finally withdraw the NPH insulin.

D. The correct technique is to first inject air into the NPH vial, then inject air into the regular insulin vial. This prevents contamination and maintains sterility. However, when withdrawing insulin, regular insulin is drawn first to prevent mixing of NPH insulin into the regular insulin vial.

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