A nurse is planning care for a client with chronic renal failure who is experiencing fatigue and lethargy. Which nursing intervention should be included in the client's plan of care?

Encourage regular physical activity to improve energy levels.

Administer iron supplements to address anemia-related fatigue.

Instruct the client to increase protein intake for energy support.

Offer caffeine-containing beverages to combat fatigue.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Incorrect. While physical activity is essential for overall health, the client's fatigue may be related to anemia, not lack of physical activity.

B. Correct. Fatigue and lethargy are common symptoms of anemia, which is a common complication of chronic renal failure. Iron supplements can help address anemia-related fatigue.

C. Incorrect. Increasing protein intake may not directly address the underlying cause of the client's fatigue, which is likely anemia.

D. Incorrect. Caffeine-containing beverages can contribute to fluid overload and hypertension in chronic renal failure and are not a suitable intervention for addressing fatigue.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Hyperkalemia, or high potassium levels, can cause muscle weakness and potentially cardiac arrhythmias, but it is not typically associated with difficulty concentrating or irritability.

B. Incorrect. Hyponatremia, or low sodium levels, can cause neurological symptoms such as confusion and headache, but it is not typically associated with muscle cramps.

C. Incorrect. Hypocalcemia, or low calcium levels, can cause muscle cramps and neurological symptoms, but it is not specifically associated with difficulty concentrating and irritability.

D. Correct. Hyperphosphatemia, or high phosphorus levels, is common in chronic renal failure due to impaired kidney function. Elevated phosphorus levels can lead to the binding of calcium, resulting in decreased ionized calcium in the blood. This can cause neuromuscular irritability, difficulty concentrating, and muscle cramps.

A. To reduce calcium absorption and prevent kidney stone formation. B. To decrease phosphate levels and prevent hyperphosphatemia. C. To improve iron absorption and manage anemia. D. To increase potassium excretion and prevent hyperkalemia.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Phosphate binders are not used to reduce calcium absorption. They are specifically prescribed to control phosphate levels in the blood.

B. Correct. Phosphate binders are medications that bind to dietary phosphorus in the digestive tract, preventing its absorption and reducing phosphate levels in the blood. This helps manage hyperphosphatemia, a common complication in chronic renal failure.

C. Incorrect. Phosphate binders do not improve iron absorption or manage anemia. They are not related to iron metabolism.

D. Incorrect. Phosphate binders do not affect potassium excretion. They are specific to phosphate control in the body and do not impact potassium levels.

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A nurse is planning care for a client with chronic renal failure who is experiencing fatigue and lethargy. Which nursing intervention should be included in the client's plan of care?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with chronic renal failure presents with difficulty concentrating, irritability, and muscle cramps. Which electrolyte imbalance should the nurse suspect as the cause of these symptoms?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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