A nurse is planning dietary interventions for a client with nephrotic syndrome. What dietary modification is essential to reduce edema in this client?
Increasing sodium intake to maintain fluid balance.
Providing a low-protein diet to ease kidney workload.
Encouraging a fluid restriction to minimize fluid retention.
Implementing a low-sodium diet to decrease fluid retention.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Incorrect. Increasing sodium intake would worsen edema and fluid retention in clients with nephrotic syndrome, as sodium contributes to fluid retention.
B. Incorrect. While protein intake may need to be adjusted in nephrotic syndrome, a low-protein diet is not typically indicated, as clients may already have protein loss in the urine.
C. Incorrect. Encouraging fluid restriction is not recommended in nephrotic syndrome, as it may lead to dehydration and worsen edema due to hypoalbuminemia.
D. Correct. A low-sodium diet is crucial in managing edema in nephrotic syndrome. Sodium intake can lead to fluid retention, and reducing sodium intake helps decrease edema.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Incorrect. While a renal biopsy may provide information about kidney function and glomerular filtration rate, its primary purpose in diagnosing nephrotic syndrome is to identify the specific histopathological changes in the kidney, which can help confirm the diagnosis and guide treatment decisions.
B. Incorrect. The response to diuretic therapy can be monitored through other means, such as assessing urine output and fluid balance. A renal biopsy is not performed primarily to evaluate the response to diuretics.
C. Incorrect. Renal biopsy is not typically used to evaluate the extent of renal inflammation and infection. Other imaging or laboratory tests are more suitable for assessing renal inflammation and infection.
D. Correct. A renal biopsy is the definitive diagnostic procedure for nephrotic syndrome. It allows the pathologist to examine a small tissue sample from the kidney and identify the specific histopathological changes, such as glomerular changes, that confirm the diagnosis.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Incorrect. Elevated platelet count and clotting factors are not characteristic of nephrotic syndrome. Clients with nephrotic syndrome tend to have normal platelet counts.
B. Incorrect. Decreased blood viscosity and enhanced blood flow would not directly lead to an increased risk of thromboembolic events in nephrotic syndrome.
C. Incorrect. While impaired liver function may impact clotting factors, it is not a common manifestation of nephrotic syndrome.
D. Correct. Nephrotic syndrome is associated with a loss of anticoagulant proteins, particularly antithrombin III, in the urine. This loss of anticoagulant proteins contributes to a state of hypercoagulability, increasing the risk of thromboembolic events, such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.
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