A nurse is planning dietary teaching for a client who adheres to a vegan diet. The nurse should identify that the client is at greatest risk for which of the following nutrient deficiencies?
Magnesium.
Vitamin A.
Omega-3 fatty acids.
Potassium.
The Correct Answer is C
The correct answer is choice c. Omega-3 fatty acids.
Choice A rationale:
Magnesium is generally abundant in a vegan diet, as it is found in many plant-based foods such as nuts, seeds, and leafy green vegetables.
Choice B rationale:
Vitamin A can be obtained from plant sources in the form of beta-carotene, which the body can convert into vitamin A. Therefore, vegans are not at high risk for vitamin A deficiency if they consume a variety of colorful fruits and vegetables.
Choice C rationale:
Omega-3 fatty acids are primarily found in fish and other seafood, which are not part of a vegan diet. While some plant-based sources like flaxseeds, chia seeds, and walnuts provide ALA (a type of omega-3), they may not be sufficient to meet the body’s needs for EPA and DHA, the more active forms of omega-3 fatty acids.
Choice D rationale:
Potassium is readily available in a wide range of fruits and vegetables, such as bananas, potatoes, and spinach, making it unlikely for vegans to be deficient in this nutrient.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A. “Fish and poultry are primary sources of heme iron.”
Choice A rationale:
Fish and poultry are indeed primary sources of heme iron, which is the type of iron found in animal products.Heme iron is more easily absorbed by the body compared to non-heme iron, which is found in plant-based foods.
Choice B rationale:
Cooking in a stainless steel skillet does not significantly increase the amount of iron in the food.While cooking in cast iron skillets can add some iron to the food, stainless steel does not have the same effect.
Choice C rationale:
Drinking iced tea with meals can actually decrease the amount of iron absorbed.Tea contains tannins, which can inhibit the absorption of non-heme iron from plant-based foods.
Choice D rationale:
Drinking orange juice with iron supplements can actually increase absorption, not decrease it.Vitamin C, found in orange juice, enhances the absorption of non-heme iron.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The correct answer is choice d. “A low-protein diet should be followed for 3 months prior to conception.”
Choice A rationale:
Monitoring serum bilirubin is not relevant for managing phenylketonuria (PKU) during pregnancy. PKU management focuses on maintaining low phenylalanine levels to prevent harm to the developing fetus.
Choice B rationale:
Diet sodas contain aspartame, which is high in phenylalanine and should be completely avoided by individuals with PKU, not just limited to two or three times per week.
Choice C rationale:
Breastfeeding does not prevent a baby from developing PKU. PKU is a genetic disorder, and breastfeeding does not influence the genetic makeup of the baby.
Choice D rationale:
Following a low-protein diet for 3 months prior to conception is crucial for women with PKU. This helps to ensure that phenylalanine levels are low, reducing the risk of birth defects and intellectual disabilities in the baby.
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