A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"Albumin in my urine is an indication of normal kidney function."
"I will keep my blood glucose levels between 200 and 212 milligrams per deciliter."
"I will keep my HbA1c at five percent."
"I will have ketones in my urine if my blood glucose is maintained at 190 milligrams per deciliter."
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale:
Albumin in the urine is not an indication of normal kidney function. The presence of albumin in the urine, known as albuminuria, is a sign of kidney damage, especially in individuals with diabetes. It's essential for individuals with diabetes to monitor and manage their kidney health, as kidney damage is a common complication.
Choice B rationale:
Blood glucose levels between 200 and 212 milligrams per deciliter are higher than the recommended target range for individuals with type 1 diabetes. Maintaining blood glucose levels within a healthy range (typically 80-130 mg/dL fasting) is important to prevent complications.
Choice C rationale:
An HbA1c level of five percent is unrealistically low and not achievable. The HbA1c level reflects the average blood glucose level over the past two to three months. While lower HbA1c levels are associated with better diabetes control, aiming for an HbA1c of five percent would pose a risk of hypoglycemia and potential complications.
Choice D rationale:
The statement "I will have ketones in my urine if my blood glucose is maintained at 190 milligrams per deciliter" demonstrates an understanding of the relationship between high blood glucose levels and ketone production. Elevated blood glucose levels can lead to the breakdown of fats for energy, resulting in the production of ketones, which can be detected in the urine. Ketones in the urine can be a sign of inadequate diabetes management and a risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Having the client swallow medications with the supplement might not be appropriate, as some medications may interact with the nutritional supplement or alter its effectiveness. It's important to assess each medication's compatibility with the supplement and consult with a pharmacist if needed.
Choice B rationale:
Enhancing the flavor of supplements by serving them warm can improve their palatability and encourage the client to consume them. Cold supplements might be less appealing, and warming them could make them more enjoyable, especially for older adults who might have altered taste perceptions.
Choice C rationale:
Leaving an opened supplement at the bedside throughout the day is not recommended. Nutritional supplements should be consumed within a specified time frame to ensure their safety and efficacy. Opened liquids are susceptible to contamination and spoilage, which could be harmful to the client.
Choice D rationale:
Offering the supplement as a substitute for one of the client's daily meals is not a suitable approach without proper guidance from a healthcare provider or registered dietitian. High-calorie liquid supplements are intended to supplement the client's regular meals, not replace them entirely. Adequate overall nutrition is essential for the client's well-being.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Serving hot foods at mealtime might worsen the client's nausea, as strong odors and high temperatures can exacerbate feelings of nausea.
Choice B rationale:
Limiting fluid intake between meals can help prevent overfilling the stomach, which can contribute to nausea in clients with equilibrium imbalances. Consuming fluids between meals, rather than with meals, can also aid in better digestion and reduce the likelihood of nausea.
Choice C rationale:
Encouraging the client to eat even if nauseated could potentially worsen their symptoms and lead to an aversion to eating due to the association of food with nausea.
Choice D rationale:
Providing low-fat carbohydrates with meals may be beneficial for some clients, but it doesn't directly address the issue of nausea related to equilibrium imbalance. The focus should be on strategies that prevent nausea rather than specific meal components.
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