A nurse is planning dietary teaching for a client who adheres to a vegan diet. The nurse should identify that the client is at greatest risk for which of the following nutrient deficiencies?
Omega-3 fatty acids
Magnesium
Potassium
Vitamin A
The Correct Answer is A
Omega-3 fatty acids, specifically eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are mainly found in fatty fish. Since vegans avoid animal products, they may not consume adequate amounts of EPA and DHA. Plant-based sources of omega-3 fatty acids, such as flaxseeds, chia seeds, and walnuts, provide a different type of omega-3 called
alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), which can be converted to EPA and DHA in the body to some extent. However, this conversion is not very efficient, and the amount of EPA and DHA obtained from plant-based sources may be insufficient to meet the body's needs. Therefore, vegan individuals are at greater risk of omega-3 fatty acid deficiency.
Magnesium, potassium, and vitamin A deficiencies are not specifically associated with a vegan diet. These nutrients can be obtained from various plant-based sources. Magnesium can be found in foods such as legumes, nuts, seeds, whole grains, and leafy green vegetables.
Potassium is abundant in fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole grains.
Vitamin A can be obtained from plant-based sources like carrots, sweet potatoes, spinach, and other dark leafy greens. However, it is important for individuals following a vegan diet to ensure they consume a varied and balanced diet to meet their nutritional needs for these and other essential nutrients.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Pulse rate of 118/min: In a client with fluid volume deficit, the pulse rate often increases as the body compensates for reduced blood volume.
B. Blood pressure of 152/90 mm Hg: This blood pressure reading does not specifically indicate fluid volume deficit as it can be influenced by various factors, including vascular tone and cardiac function.
C. Temperature of 37.2° C (99° F): This temperature reading is within the normal range and does not directly reflect fluid volume status.
D.Central venous pressure 25 mm Hg: This is elevated and typically suggests fluid volume excess rather than deficit.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Check for gastric residual: Gastric residual refers to the volume of formula or contents in the stomach before the next feeding. Checking for gastric residual helps determine if the client is tolerating the feeding properly. If the gastric residual is high, it may indicate delayed gastric emptying or intolerance to the feeding, which can lead to cramping and abdominal distention. The nurse can assess the gastric residual volume and consult with the healthcare provider to determine the appropriate course of action.
Apply low intermittent suction: Applying low intermittent suction is not typically indicated for a client receiving a continuous enteral tube feeding. Suction is more commonly used for clients who have an aspiration risk or need intermittent gastric decompression. In the given scenario, the client is experiencing cramping and abdominal distention, which may require a different approach.
Request a higher-fat formula: Requesting a higher-fat formula may not be the appropriate action at this time. High-fat formulas can contribute to gastrointestinal issues such as increased risk of diarrhea or malabsorption. It is important to assess the client's tolerance to the current formula before considering changes.
Increase the rate of the feeding: Increasing the rate of the feeding may worsen the client's symptoms. Rapid administration of enteral feedings can overwhelm the gastrointestinal system and lead to complications such as cramping, distention, and diarrhea. It is generally recommended to start at a low rate and gradually increase it based on the client's tolerance.
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