A nurse is preparing to administer clindamycin by intermittent IV bolus over 30 minutes to a client who has a staphylococcal infection. Available is 300 mg clindamycin premixed in 50 mL 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl). The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr?

(Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Choice A reason:

Washing the cord daily with mild soap and water is not recommended. The best practice is to keep the umbilical cord stump clean and dry. Cleaning it with water and mild soap can be done if it gets dirty, but it should not be a daily routine as it might delay the drying process.

Choice B reason:

Applying petroleum jelly to the cord stump is not advised. The goal is to keep the stump dry to promote natural drying and falling off. Petroleum jelly can keep the area moist, which is counterproductive to the drying process.

Choice C reason:

Covering the cord with the diaper is not recommended. Instead, the diaper should be folded down below the umbilical cord stump to keep it exposed to air and prevent irritation from urine or stool3. This helps the stump to dry out and fall off naturally.

Choice D reason:

Giving a sponge bath until the cord stump falls off is the correct instruction. Submerging the baby in water can delay the drying and falling off of the stump. Sponge baths help keep the area dry and clean, promoting faster healing.

Choice A reason:

Swelling in the face, particularly around the eyes, is a common symptom of nephrotic syndrome. This condition causes the kidneys to leak large amounts of protein into the urine, leading to a decrease in blood protein levels. This imbalance causes fluid to accumulate in tissues, resulting in swelling (edema), especially in areas like the face and ankles.

Choice B reason:

Losing protein in the urine, known as proteinuria, is a hallmark of nephrotic syndrome. The condition damages the glomeruli in the kidneys, which are responsible for filtering waste and retaining essential proteins. When these filters are damaged, proteins like albumin leak into the urine, leading to significant protein loss.

Choice C reason:

Increasing sodium intake is not recommended for clients with nephrotic syndrome. In fact, a low-sodium diet is often advised to help manage symptoms such as swelling and high blood pressure. Excess sodium can exacerbate fluid retention and worsen edema.

Choice D reason:

A kidney biopsy is a common diagnostic procedure for nephrotic syndrome. It involves taking a small sample of kidney tissue to examine under a microscope. This helps determine the underlying cause of the syndrome and guides treatment decisions.