A nurse is preparing to administer diphenhydramine 25 mg PO every 6 hours to an older adult patient who has rhinitis.
The available medication is diphenhydramine syrup 12.5 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer?

Choice A rationale: The abdominal findings require follow-up. The client reports mild abdominal pain, rating it as 7 on a scale of 0 to 10, and states they haven’t had a bowel movement in 4 days. Additionally, the physical exam reveals tenderness to palpation and high-pitched bowel sounds in the gastrointestinal area. The CT scan indicates an obstruction in the small intestine, as evidenced by distention with fluid and gas in the small intestine and the absence of gas in the colon. These symptoms suggest a significant gastrointestinal issue that needs further evaluation and management.

Choice B rationale: The BUN level also requires follow-up. The BUN level is elevated at 25 mg/dL, which is above the normal range of 10 to 20 mg/dL. This could indicate dehydration or kidney dysfunction, especially in the context of the client’s symptoms and dry mucous membranes. Elevated BUN levels can be caused by a high-protein diet, dehydration, certain medications, and a variety of medical conditions, including kidney disease.

Choice C rationale: The blood pressure requires follow-up. The client’s blood pressure is low at 92/60 mm Hg. This, combined with an elevated pulse of 106/min, could indicate hypovolemia or dehydration, especially given the client’s vomiting and lack of bowel movements. Hypovolemia refers to a decrease in the volume of blood in the body, which can be caused by a variety of conditions, including dehydration, severe burns, and excessive sweating. Hypovolemia can lead to hypotension (low blood pressure).

Choice D rationale: The breath sounds do not require follow-up. The respiratory examination reveals bilateral breath sounds clear, which is within the normal range. Clear breath sounds indicate that air is flowing smoothly through the bronchial tubes and lungs without obstruction, which is a positive sign.

Choice E rationale: The WBC count does not require follow-up. The WBC count is 9,000/mm, which is within the normal range of 5,000 to

Choice F rationale. Potassium level: The potassium level is low at 3.3 mEq/L (normal range: 3.5 to 5 mEq/L), which can be concerning and may need correction to prevent complications such as cardiac arrhythmias.

Choice A rationale

Applying mystatin cream to the blistered areas is not typically recommended for herpes zoster lesions. Mystatin is an antifungal medication, and herpes zoster is caused by a virus, not a fungus.

Choice B rationale

Implementing contact precautions is recommended for patients with widespread herpes zoster lesions. This helps to prevent the spread of the virus to other people.

Choice C rationale

Using warm compresses on the crusted lesions is not typically recommended. While warm compresses can help with some skin conditions, they are not usually part of the care plan for herpes zoster.

Choice D rationale

Administering the shingles vaccine is not typically done once a patient already has widespread herpes zoster lesions. The vaccine is used to prevent shingles, not to treat active cases.