A nurse is preparing to administer Timolol eye drops to a patient with glaucoma. Which of the following actions should the nurse prioritize when administering this medication?
Apply the drops directly onto the patient's cornea
Perform punctal occlusion after instilling the drops
Administer the medication immediately after meals
Instruct the patient to blink rapidly after instillation
The Correct Answer is B
A. Apply the drops directly onto the patient's cornea: Eye drops should be instilled into the conjunctival sac, not directly onto the cornea. The cornea is highly sensitive, and direct application can cause discomfort, injury, and decreased patient adherence.
B. Perform punctal occlusion after instilling the drops: Punctal occlusion (gentle pressure on the inner corner of the eye) for 1–2 minutes reduces systemic absorption of the drug via the nasolacrimal duct. This is especially important with beta-blockers like Timolol, which can cause systemic effects such as bradycardia and hypotension.
C. Administer the medication immediately after meals: The timing of Timolol eye drops is not dependent on meals. Food intake has no impact on the efficacy or absorption of ophthalmic medications.
D. Instruct the patient to blink rapidly after instillation: Blinking rapidly can cause the medication to be expelled from the eye, reducing its effectiveness. Patients should be instructed to gently close the eye for a minute or two to enhance absorption.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Take Cholestyramine with other medications to improve absorption: Cholestyramine binds bile acids in the intestine but can also bind and interfere with the absorption of other oral medications. Taking it with other drugs reduces their effectiveness and is not recommended.
B. Take the powder for oral suspension in dry form: Cholestyramine powder should never be taken dry as it can irritate the mouth, throat, and gastrointestinal tract. It should always be mixed with water or a non-carbonated beverage before ingestion to prevent choking or esophageal irritation.
C. Take after meals: While taking it after meals can enhance its bile acid-binding effect, this alone does not prevent drug interactions. Timing with other medications is the more critical issue to address when instructing patients.
D. Take other medications at least 1 hour before or 4 hours after taking Cholestyramine: This instruction is essential to avoid interference with the absorption of other oral medications. Cholestyramine can bind many drugs, so proper spacing is required to ensure therapeutic efficacy of concurrent medications.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Take the medication with milk: Milk contains calcium, which inhibits the absorption of iron by binding with it in the gastrointestinal tract. Taking ferrous sulfate with milk significantly reduces its effectiveness in treating iron-deficiency anemia.
B. Take the medication with orange juice to enhance absorption: Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in orange juice enhances the absorption of non-heme iron like ferrous sulfate by maintaining it in a more soluble and absorbable form. This maximizes the therapeutic benefit.
C. Take the medication on an empty stomach to decrease gastrointestinal irritation: Iron is best absorbed on an empty stomach, but it often causes GI upset, including nausea and constipation. Patients are typically advised to take it with a small amount of food if intolerance occurs not specifically to reduce GI irritation from the start.
D. Rinse the mouth before taking the iron: Rinsing the mouth beforehand has no clinical benefit. However, patients should be advised to rinse their mouth after taking liquid iron to prevent staining of the teeth, a known side effect of the liquid formulation.
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