A nurse is providing a presentation to colleagues on emphysema. Which of the following subtypes should the nurse identify as having a complication of pneumothorax?

Proximal acinar emphysema

Centrilobular emphysema

Panacinar emphysema

Distal acinar emphysema

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Proximal acinar emphysema: This subtype typically affects the central or proximal parts of the acini, and it is less commonly associated with pneumothorax. The condition primarily affects the respiratory bronchioles.
B. Centrilobular emphysema: Centrilobular emphysema involves the upper lobes and is commonly associated with smoking, but it does not directly lead to pneumothorax as often as distal acinar emphysema.
C. Panacinar emphysema: Panacinar emphysema affects the entire acinus, including the alveoli. Although it can cause significant respiratory issues, it is less strongly associated with pneumothorax compared to distal acinar emphysema.
D. Distal acinar emphysema: Distal acinar emphysema involves the distal parts of the acinus and is often seen in the upper lobes of the lungs. It is strongly associated with the development of pneumothorax, as the damage to the lung tissue can lead to spontaneous ruptures in the alveolar walls, causing air to leak into the pleural space.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The client who is recovering from a recent illness that caused vomiting and dehydration: Although recent illness can increase the risk of various heart conditions, it does not place the client at the highest risk for developing atrial flutter compared to those with established cardiovascular disease.
B. The client whose mother and uncle were diagnosed with this same condition: Family history can increase the risk of atrial flutter, but it is less of a risk factor than existing heart disease.
C. The client who had a myocardial infarction and required stent placement: This client is at the highest risk due to the structural and electrical changes in the heart that occur following a myocardial infarction, making them more prone to atrial flutter.
D. The client who is out of work and has been experiencing increased stress: While stress can contribute to heart conditions, it is not a significant direct risk factor for atrial flutter when compared to prior heart events like a myocardial infarction.

A. Reports pain as 5 on a scale of 0 to 10 B. Been on bedrest for 3 days C. Last bowel movement 2 days ago D. Consumed 35% of meals for 12 hr

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "Reports pain as 5 on a scale of 0 to 10": While pain is an important concern, it is not the most immediate issue in this case. The nurse should first assess for factors that could contribute to complications or more severe issues.
B. "Been on bedrest for 3 days": Prolonged bedrest increases the risk of complications such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism, or muscle atrophy. This is the priority because the client may be at risk for serious complications due to immobility.
C. "Last bowel movement 2 days ago": While constipation can cause discomfort, it is not as urgent as the risk posed by prolonged bedrest. This issue can be addressed once other more serious complications have been ruled out.
D. "Consumed 35% of meals for 12 hr": Poor nutrition is important to monitor, but it is not the immediate concern in this case. The focus should be on potential complications related to immobility, such as clot formation or respiratory issues.

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A nurse is providing a presentation to colleagues on emphysema. Which of the following subtypes should the nurse identify as having a complication of pneumothorax?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a group of clients about risk factors for developing atrial flutter. Which of the following clients should the nurse understand is at highest risk for developing atrial flutter?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who reports pain in their lower extremities following surgery. Which of the following should the nurse address first?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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