A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to a client who has phenylketonuria (PKU) and is planning a pregnancy. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the discussion?
"Breastfeeding will prevent your baby from developing PKU."
"Diet sodas should not be consumed more than two or three times per week."
"Serum bilirubin should be monitored one to two times per month during pregnancy."
"A low-protein diet should be followed for 3 months prior to conception."
The Correct Answer is D
A) Breastfeeding alone cannot prevent a baby from developing phenylketonuria (PKU). PKU is an inherited metabolic disorder characterized by the body's inability to process phenylalanine, an amino acid found in protein. Infants with PKU must follow a special low-phenylalanine diet from birth to prevent intellectual disability and other complications. Breast milk contains phenylalanine, so infants with PKU require a special formula that is low in phenylalanine.
B) The consumption of diet sodas is not directly related to the management of phenylketonuria (PKU). Clients with PKU must closely monitor their intake of phenylalanine, an amino acid found in protein-containing foods. Diet sodas typically do not contain protein or phenylalanine, so their consumption is not a primary concern for individuals with PKU.
C) Monitoring serum bilirubin levels is not specific to the management of phenylketonuria (PKU) during pregnancy. Serum bilirubin levels are typically monitored to assess liver function and screen for conditions such as jaundice. While individuals with PKU may require additional monitoring during pregnancy, such as monitoring phenylalanine levels, serum bilirubin levels are not typically a focus of PKU management.
D) Following a low-protein diet for several months prior to conception is an important aspect of managing phenylketonuria (PKU) during pregnancy. High levels of phenylalanine in the mother's blood can cross the placenta and harm the developing fetus, potentially leading to intellectual disability and other complications. By adhering to a low-protein diet before conception, individuals with PKU can lower their phenylalanine levels and reduce the risk of complications during pregnancy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C"]
Explanation
A) Wear sterile gloves during a feeding: While hand hygiene is essential when handling enteral feeding equipment, wearing sterile gloves for administering intermittent enteral feedings is not typically necessary. Standard precautions, including handwashing and using clean gloves, are sufficient to prevent infection.
B) Flush the tubing with 15 mL of water after each feeding: Flushing the tubing with water after each feeding helps prevent clogging and ensures that the full dose of the feeding is delivered to the client. It also helps maintain tube patency and reduces the risk of bacterial growth in the tubing.
C) Position the client upright prior to a feeding: Positioning the client upright, typically at a 30 to 45-degree angle, helps prevent aspiration during enteral feedings. This position promotes proper flow of the feeding into the stomach, reduces the risk of reflux, and facilitates digestion. It also helps ensure that the feeding reaches the intended destination and minimizes the risk of complications such as aspiration pneumonia.
D) Chill the feeding prior to administering: Chilling the feeding is not a standard practice for administering intermittent enteral feedings. In fact, administering cold feedings may cause discomfort and gastrointestinal upset in some clients. It is generally recommended to administer enteral feedings at room temperature or slightly warmed to body temperature to enhance tolerance and absorption.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) While it's important to change the feeding bag and tubing regularly to pr’vent bacterial growth and contamination, replacing them every 24 hours may not be necessary unless otherwise indicated by facility policy or if there are signs of contamination or malfunction. Routine replacement every 24 hours is not specifically indicated for preventing tubing clogging.
B) Flushing the tubing with water every 6 hours is an effective method to prevent clogging, especially when using a high-viscosity formula. Flushing helps ensure that the formula does not solidify or adhere to the inner walls of the tubing, maintaining its patency and preventing obstruction.
C) Administering the feeding by gravity drip is a method of delivery rather than a preventive measure against tubing clogging. While gravity drip administration may be appropriate for certain types of tube feedings, it does not directly address the prevention of tubing clogging.
D) Heating the formula prior to infusion may help improve its flow characteristics, especially if the formula has thickened due to being refrigerated. However, this action alone may not be sufficient to prevent tubing clogging. Flushing the tubing with water at regular intervals is a more direct and effective preventive measure in this scenario.
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