A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to a client who has phenylketonuria (PKU) and is planning a pregnancy. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the discussion?

"Breastfeeding will prevent your baby from developing PKU."

"Diet sodas should not be consumed more than two or three times per week."

"Serum bilirubin should be monitored one to two times per month during pregnancy."

"A low-protein diet should be followed for 3 months prior to conception."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) Breastfeeding alone cannot prevent a baby from developing phenylketonuria (PKU). PKU is an inherited metabolic disorder characterized by the body's inability to process phenylalanine, an amino acid found in protein. Infants with PKU must follow a special low-phenylalanine diet from birth to prevent intellectual disability and other complications. Breast milk contains phenylalanine, so infants with PKU require a special formula that is low in phenylalanine.

B) The consumption of diet sodas is not directly related to the management of phenylketonuria (PKU). Clients with PKU must closely monitor their intake of phenylalanine, an amino acid found in protein-containing foods. Diet sodas typically do not contain protein or phenylalanine, so their consumption is not a primary concern for individuals with PKU.

C) Monitoring serum bilirubin levels is not specific to the management of phenylketonuria (PKU) during pregnancy. Serum bilirubin levels are typically monitored to assess liver function and screen for conditions such as jaundice. While individuals with PKU may require additional monitoring during pregnancy, such as monitoring phenylalanine levels, serum bilirubin levels are not typically a focus of PKU management.

D) Following a low-protein diet for several months prior to conception is an important aspect of managing phenylketonuria (PKU) during pregnancy. High levels of phenylalanine in the mother's blood can cross the placenta and harm the developing fetus, potentially leading to intellectual disability and other complications. By adhering to a low-protein diet before conception, individuals with PKU can lower their phenylalanine levels and reduce the risk of complications during pregnancy.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Oliguria, or decreased urine output, is a sign of fluid volume deficit rather than an indication that the treatment has been effective. In a client with fluid volume deficit, the kidneys conserve water to maintain fluid balance, leading to decreased urine output.

B) Elastic skin turgor is a reliable indicator of hydration status. When a client's fluid volume deficit is improving, their skin turgor returns to normal. Elastic skin turgor means that the skin quickly returns to its normal position after being pinched and released, indicating adequate hydration.

C) Tachycardia, or an increased heart rate, is a compensatory mechanism that the body uses to maintain cardiac output in response to fluid volume deficit. While tachycardia may initially be present in a client with fluid volume deficit, it is not an indication that treatment has been effective.

D) Dry mucous membranes are a manifestation of dehydration and fluid volume deficit. Moist mucous membranes indicate hydration status, and their dryness suggests dehydration. Dry mucous membranes are not indicative of effective treatment for fluid volume deficit.

A. Drinking orange juice with iron supplements can decrease absorption. B. Cooking in a stainless steel skillet increases the amount of iron in the food. C. Drinking iced tea with meals can increase the amount of iron absorbed. D. Fish and poultry are primary sources of heme iron.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. Fish and poultry are primary sources of heme iron: This is correct. Fish and poultry are rich sources of heme iron, which is the type of iron found in animal-based foods. Heme iron is more easily absorbed by the body than non-heme iron, which is found in plant-based foods.

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A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to a client who has phenylketonuria (PKU) and is planning a pregnancy. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the discussion?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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