A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to a client who has phenylketonuria (PKU) and is planning a pregnancy. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the discussion?

"Breastfeeding will prevent your baby from developing PKU."

"Diet sodas should not be consumed more than two or three times per week."

"Serum bilirubin should be monitored one to two times per month during pregnancy."

"A low-protein diet should be followed for 3 months prior to conception."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) Breastfeeding alone cannot prevent a baby from developing phenylketonuria (PKU). PKU is an inherited metabolic disorder characterized by the body's inability to process phenylalanine, an amino acid found in protein. Infants with PKU must follow a special low-phenylalanine diet from birth to prevent intellectual disability and other complications. Breast milk contains phenylalanine, so infants with PKU require a special formula that is low in phenylalanine.

B) The consumption of diet sodas is not directly related to the management of phenylketonuria (PKU). Clients with PKU must closely monitor their intake of phenylalanine, an amino acid found in protein-containing foods. Diet sodas typically do not contain protein or phenylalanine, so their consumption is not a primary concern for individuals with PKU.

C) Monitoring serum bilirubin levels is not specific to the management of phenylketonuria (PKU) during pregnancy. Serum bilirubin levels are typically monitored to assess liver function and screen for conditions such as jaundice. While individuals with PKU may require additional monitoring during pregnancy, such as monitoring phenylalanine levels, serum bilirubin levels are not typically a focus of PKU management.

D) Following a low-protein diet for several months prior to conception is an important aspect of managing phenylketonuria (PKU) during pregnancy. High levels of phenylalanine in the mother's blood can cross the placenta and harm the developing fetus, potentially leading to intellectual disability and other complications. By adhering to a low-protein diet before conception, individuals with PKU can lower their phenylalanine levels and reduce the risk of complications during pregnancy.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Answer: A

Rationale:

A. Consume foods that are high in calcium: The DASH diet emphasizes the consumption of foods rich in calcium, as well as potassium and magnesium. Adequate calcium intake is important for managing hypertension, making this a key component of the diet.

B. Increase intake of refined carbohydrates: The DASH diet recommends reducing refined carbohydrates and focusing on whole grains. Refined carbohydrates can contribute to weight gain and adversely affect blood pressure, so increasing their intake is not advised.

C. Consume ten percent of total calories from saturated fat: The DASH diet suggests limiting saturated fat to less than 6-7% of total daily calories. Consuming ten percent of total calories from saturated fat exceeds the recommended amount and is not consistent with DASH guidelines.

D. Limit sodium intake to 3,200 milligrams per day: The DASH diet recommends limiting sodium intake to 1,500 milligrams per day, not 3,200 milligrams. Reducing sodium intake is crucial for controlling blood pressure and aligning with DASH diet principles.

Correct Answer is ["42"]

Explanation

The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver approximately 42 mL/hr.

Here's the calculation:

Total volume of infusion (mL): 1,000 mL

Infusion time (hours): 24 hours

Flow rate (mL/hr) = Total volume (mL) / Infusion time (hours)

Flow rate (mL/hr) = 1,000 mL / 24 hours = 41.6666667 mL/hr (round to nearest whole number as requested)

Therefore, the nurse should set the pump to deliver 42 mL/hr.

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A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to a client who has phenylketonuria (PKU) and is planning a pregnancy. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the discussion?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing teaching about the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet to a client who has hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to infuse 1,000 mL of a total parenteral nutrition solution IV over 24 hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)_mL/hr

Correct Answer is ["42"]

Explanation

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