A nurse is providing teaching about formula feeding to the parents of an infant. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Choice A reason: Strawberry yogurt is an appropriate food choice for a client who is taking phenelzine, as it does not contain tyramine, a substance that can interact with the medication and cause a hypertensive crisis. Yogurt is also a good source of protein, calcium, and probiotics, which can benefit the client's mood and health.

Choice B reason: Cheddar cheese is not an appropriate food choice for a client who is taking phenelzine, as it contains a high amount of tyramine, especially if it is aged or processed. Cheese and other dairy products that are high in tyramine should be avoided by the client, as they can cause severe hypertension, headache, nausea, and palpitations.

Choice C reason: Smoked salmon is not an appropriate food choice for a client who is taking phenelzine, as it contains a moderate amount of tyramine, especially if it is cured or fermented. Salmon and other fish or meat products that are high in tyramine should be limited or avoided by the client, as they can increase the blood pressure and heart rate.

Choice D reason: Pepperoni pizza is not an appropriate food choice for a client who is taking phenelzine, as it contains a low amount of tyramine, but it can accumulate if consumed in large quantities or with other tyramine-containing foods. Pepperoni and other sausages or deli meats that are high in tyramine should be consumed with caution by the client, as they can cause mild hypertension, flushing, and sweating.

Choice A reason: Crohn's disease is not commonly associated with obesity, although obesity can worsen the symptoms and complications of Crohn's disease. Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation and ulcers in the digestive tract, especially the small intestine and colon. The exact cause of Crohn's disease is unknown, but it may involve genetic, immune, and environmental factors.

Choice B reason: Celiac disease is not commonly associated with obesity, although obesity can make the diagnosis of celiac disease more difficult. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes damage to the small intestine when gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye, is ingested. The damage interferes with the absorption of nutrients and can lead to malnutrition, anemia, and osteoporosis.

Choice C reason: Peptic ulcer disease is not commonly associated with obesity, although obesity can increase the risk of complications from peptic ulcer disease. Peptic ulcer disease is a condition that causes sores or ulcers in the lining of the stomach or duodenum, the first part of the small intestine. The most common causes of peptic ulcer disease are infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria and use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Choice D reason: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is commonly associated with obesity, as obesity can increase the pressure on the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), the muscle that prevents the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus. GERD is a condition that causes heartburn, regurgitation, chest pain, and difficulty swallowing due to the reflux of stomach acid into the esophagus. GERD can also lead to esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus, and esophageal cancer.