A nurse is providing care to a child who has a new diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenia. Which of the following information regarding implications of the diagnosis should the nurse include in the discharge instructions?
Children with a history of thrombocytopenia have a higher incidence of bleeding.
Children with immune thrombocytopenia have a lower risk of bleeding.
Children with immune thrombocytopenia should not partake in physical activity.
Thrombocytopenia is a chronic disease in children.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Children with a history of thrombocytopenia have a higher incidence of bleeding: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) causes a reduced platelet count, increasing the child’s risk for bruising, nosebleeds, and other bleeding events. Education on monitoring for signs of bleeding is essential for safe discharge.
B. Children with immune thrombocytopenia have a lower risk of bleeding: ITP decreases platelet counts, which increases, rather than decreases, the risk of bleeding, making this statement inaccurate.
C. Children with immune thrombocytopenia should not partake in physical activity: While precautions should be taken to avoid activities with high risk of trauma, children can often engage in age-appropriate physical activity under guidance, rather than complete restriction.
D. Thrombocytopenia is a chronic disease in children: Most cases of ITP in children are acute and self-limiting, resolving within months, so labeling it as chronic is inaccurate in most pediatric cases.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]
Explanation
A. "Caregivers should come up with solutions to the child's stressors.": While caregivers provide support and guidance, school-age children benefit from learning problem-solving skills themselves, so solutions should involve the child rather than being imposed entirely by the caregiver.
B. "Children with a high self-esteem are better equipped to handle stress.": High self-esteem helps children feel capable of managing challenges, making them more resilient when facing stressors in school, social situations, or family life.
C. "Children with stress should avoid media that produces fear and anxiety.": Exposure to frightening or anxiety-inducing media can exacerbate stress, so limiting such content helps protect the child’s emotional well-being.
D. "Encourage children to participate in physical activity.": Physical activity helps reduce stress by promoting endorphin release, improving mood, and providing a healthy outlet for tension.
E. "Allow children to have some control over their life.": Giving school-age children appropriate choices fosters a sense of autonomy and competence, which reduces feelings of helplessness and enhances coping skills.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "Skin abrasions cause red blood cells to respond to the area of infiltration and cause inflammation.": Red blood cells are not the primary responders to bacterial invasion; inflammation is mediated mainly by immune cells such as neutrophils and macrophages, not red blood cells.
B. "Skin abrasions facilitate the entry and travel of bacteria to deeper tissue layers.": Breaks in the skin, such as abrasions, compromise the protective barrier and allow bacteria to enter underlying tissues, increasing the risk of cellulitis. Understanding this mechanism reflects effective teaching about infection risk.
C. "Skin abrasions only cause cellulitis when it is deep enough to impact the dermal layer of skin.": Even superficial abrasions can allow bacteria to penetrate and cause cellulitis; depth is not the only determining factor for infection.
D. "Skin abrasions lead to inflammation because of the proliferation of neutrophils.": While neutrophils mediate inflammation once infection occurs, the initial risk stems from bacterial entry through the abrasion rather than neutrophil proliferation alone.
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