A nurse is providing care to a client who is aggressive and demonstrating self-injurious behaviors. Which of the following disorders does the nurse identify as being consistent with this behavior?

Obstructive sleep apnea

Insomnia

Autism spectrum disorder

Narcolepsy

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Obstructive sleep apnea causes interrupted breathing during sleep, leading to fatigue, irritability, and potential cognitive impairment. While chronic sleep disruption may contribute to mood changes, it is not typically associated with aggressive or self-injurious behaviors. These behaviors are more characteristic of neurodevelopmental or psychiatric disorders, making sleep apnea an unlikely primary cause in this scenario, as it primarily affects sleep quality and daytime alertness.

Choice B reason: Insomnia involves difficulty falling or staying asleep, which can lead to irritability, fatigue, and emotional dysregulation. However, it is not directly linked to aggressive or self-injurious behaviors, which are more commonly associated with neurodevelopmental conditions like autism or psychiatric disorders. Insomnia may exacerbate underlying issues but is not a primary cause of such behaviors in this context.

Choice C reason: Autism spectrum disorder is characterized by challenges with social communication, sensory sensitivities, and emotional regulation, which can manifest as aggression or self-injurious behaviors, particularly under stress or sensory overload. These behaviors may occur due to difficulties processing emotions or environmental stimuli, making autism a likely diagnosis for the client’s presentation, requiring targeted behavioral and therapeutic interventions.

Choice D reason: Narcolepsy involves excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden sleep attacks due to dysregulation of sleep-wake cycles. It does not typically cause aggressive or self-injurious behaviors, as its primary symptoms are related to sleep disturbances. These behaviors are more aligned with neurodevelopmental or psychiatric conditions, ruling out narcolepsy as a likely cause of the client’s aggressive and self-injurious actions.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Osmotic diuretics like mannitol remove fluid, not hydrate. They draw water from tissues, reducing brain edema, so providing hydration is the opposite effect, making this incorrect.

Choice B reason: Expanding extracellular fluid volume would worsen edema. Osmotic diuretics reduce fluid in tissues, decreasing ICP, making this incorrect for the medication’s purpose in this scenario.

Choice C reason: Increasing brain cell size would exacerbate ICP. Osmotic diuretics shrink cells by drawing out water, reducing edema, making this incorrect for the medication’s intended effect.

Choice D reason: Osmotic diuretics reduce brain edema by drawing water from tissues into

A. Explain the unit policies to the client and answer any questions he might have B. Take the client on a tour of the unit and introduce him to all the staff members on duty C. Have the client attend group therapy immediately D. Sit with the client and offer simple, direct information

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Explaining policies is overwhelming for a severely depressed client with limited concentration. Simple, direct communication is more effective initially, making this incorrect for the orientation approach.

Choice B reason: A unit tour and staff introductions may be overstimulating for severe depression. A calm, focused approach suits the client’s emotional state, making this incorrect for initial orientation.

Choice C reason: Immediate group therapy is inappropriate, as severe depression may impair participation. Individualized, simple orientation is needed first, making this incorrect for the client’s current needs.

Choice D reason: Sitting with the client and offering simple, direct information accommodates severe depression’s cognitive and emotional limitations. This builds trust and eases orientation, making it the correct approach.

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A nurse is providing care to a client who is aggressive and demonstrating self-injurious behaviors. Which of the following disorders does the nurse identify as being consistent with this behavior?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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