A nurse is providing counseling to a client with advanced-stage lung cancer about palliative care. Which statement from the client shows they have understood the information?

Choice A rationale

While receiving free lunches at school may indicate a low-income status, it does not necessarily suggest maltreatment at home. Many schools offer free or reduced-price lunches to students from low-income families to ensure they receive proper nutrition.

Choice B rationale

Urinary incontinence in a child could be due to various reasons, including medical conditions or stress. While it could potentially be a sign of maltreatment, it is not a definitive indicator and would need to be evaluated in the context of other signs and symptoms.

Choice C rationale

Frequent absences from school can be a potential sign of maltreatment at home. Children who are being maltreated may be kept home to hide physical signs of abuse, or they may be truant due to a lack of parental supervision or a chaotic home environment.

Choice D rationale

Being underweight for their age could be a sign of neglect, one form of maltreatment. However, it could also be due to a variety of other factors, including medical conditions or poor nutrition, and should be evaluated in the context of other signs and symptoms.

The correct answer is Choice B

Choice A rationale: Turning the patient every 4 hours may prevent pressure ulcers, but it can cause discomfort for a near-death patient. Less frequent repositioning might be more suitable for maintaining comfort during the end-of-life stage.

Choice B rationale: Elevating the head of the patient's bed can help ease breathing difficulties by reducing the pressure on the diaphragm and enhancing lung expansion. This position promotes comfort and reduces the work of breathing, which is beneficial for near-death patients.

Choice C rationale: Offering the patient ice chips can provide temporary relief from dry mouth, but it may not be the most effective measure for ensuring comfort. Adequate hydration and regular oral care are generally more beneficial for maintaining patient comfort.

Choice D rationale: Providing oral care every 6 hours might not be frequent enough to ensure comfort. More frequent oral care, such as every 2 hours, helps maintain moisture in the mouth, reduces discomfort, and prevents infections, enhancing the patient's overall comfort