A nurse is providing discharge education to a client who has valvular heart disease and peripheral vascular disease. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching about valvular heart disease?
Comply with compression therapy.
Monitor wounds on lower extremities.
Take antiplatelet medications as ordered.
Monitor for gradual onset of symptoms
The Correct Answer is D
A. Comply with compression therapy: Compression therapy is commonly used in the management of peripheral vascular disease (PVD), not valvular heart disease. It involves applying external pressure to the limbs to improve circulation and reduce edema. While this intervention may be relevant for a client with PVD, it is not specific to valvular heart disease.
B. Monitor wounds on lower extremities: Monitoring wounds on lower extremities is important for clients with peripheral vascular disease (PVD) to assess for signs of poor wound healing, infection, or tissue ischemia. However, it is not directly related to valvular heart disease. Therefore, while wound monitoring may be appropriate for this client, it is not specific to valvular heart disease education.
C. Take antiplatelet medications as ordered: Antiplatelet medications, such as aspirin or clopidogrel, are commonly prescribed for clients with peripheral vascular disease (PVD) to reduce the risk of thrombotic events and improve blood flow. However, they are not typically indicated as a primary treatment for valvular heart disease. While some clients with valvular heart disease may have comorbidities that warrant antiplatelet therapy, it is not specific to valvular heart disease education.
D. Valvular heart disease involves dysfunction of one or more heart valves, leading to impaired blood flow within the heart. The nurse should educate the client on monitoring for the gradual onset of symptoms related to valvular heart disease. These symptoms may include dyspnea (shortness of breath), fatigue, palpitations, chest discomfort, and edema. Monitoring for these symptoms allows for early detection of disease progression or exacerbation, prompting timely intervention and management.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "Endolymph fluid provides protection to the structures of the inner ear": Endolymph is a fluid found within the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of ions necessary for proper sensory function of the auditory and vestibular systems. Endolymph helps protect the delicate sensory structures of the inner ear, including the hair cells responsible for hearing and balance.
B. "Aqueous humor provides protection to the structures of the inner ear": Aqueous humor is a clear fluid that fills the anterior chamber of the eye, maintaining intraocular pressure and nourishing the cornea and lens. It is not involved in protecting the structures of the inner ear.
C. "Vitreous humor provides protection to the structures of the inner ear": Vitreous humor is a gel-like substance that fills the posterior chamber of the eye, providing structural support to the eyeball and maintaining its shape. It is not associated with protecting the structures of the inner ear.
D. "Sanguineous fluid provides protection to the structures of the inner ear": Sanguineous fluid refers to blood or a blood-like fluid, which does not directly provide protection to the structures of the inner ear. While the circulatory system supplies oxygen and nutrients to the inner ear structures, blood itself does not serve as a protective fluid within the inner ear.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Tonometer intraocular pressure reading 8 mm Hg (Option A): A low intraocular pressure reading may indicate a detached retina. In a detached retina, the vitreous humor (gel-like substance in the eye) may leak into the space behind the retina, causing a decrease in intraocular pressure. However, it's important to note that intraocular pressure alone cannot definitively diagnose a detached retina, and further diagnostic tests, such as a dilated eye examination or retinal imaging, would be needed for confirmation.
Smooth retina edges identified on slit-lamp biomicroscope examination (Option B): In the case of a detached retina, the edges of the retina may appear irregular or undulating rather than smooth. This irregularity is often observed during a dilated eye examination rather than with a slit-lamp biomicroscope.
Visual acuity of 20/20 using the Snellen eye chart (Option C): Visual acuity may be affected in a detached retina, depending on the extent and location of the detachment. However, visual acuity alone cannot confirm a detached retina, as other factors such as refractive errors or cataracts can also affect visual acuity.
Lens and cornea appear intact during ophthalmoscope exam (Option D): While a detached retina may be visualized during an ophthalmoscope examination as a gray or whitish area behind the lens, the appearance of the lens and cornea being intact does not definitively diagnose a detached retina. A thorough dilated eye examination by an ophthalmologist is necessary for accurate diagnosis.
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