A nurse is providing discharge teaching about infection control at home for a client who has tuberculosis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I will have to move out of my family's home until I am no longer contagious."

"I will place my used tissues in a plastic bag."

"I will cover my mouth with my hands when I have to cough."

"I will not go in public areas until I am cured."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Rationale:
A. "I will have to move out of my family's home until I am no longer contagious.": It is not necessary for the client to move out of the home, but precautions such as proper ventilation, wearing a mask, and isolating in a separate room can reduce the risk of transmission to household members during the contagious period.

B. "I will place my used tissues in a plastic bag.": Disposing of used tissues in a sealed plastic bag helps contain respiratory secretions and prevent the spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This is an appropriate infection control practice that demonstrates understanding of proper hygiene.

C. "I will cover my mouth with my hands when I have to cough.": Covering the mouth is essential, but using the hands increases the risk of spreading bacteria through contact with surfaces. The client should be instructed to use a tissue or the inside of the elbow to minimize contamination.

D. "I will not go in public areas until I am cured.": Total avoidance of public areas is not necessary, but the client should avoid crowded places and public transport during the initial phase of treatment, typically the first few weeks, when they are still contagious.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Rationale:
A. A client who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus and cannot afford insulin: This situation requires case management or social work referral to assist with access to medications and insurance. It does not indicate the need for palliative care, as diabetes is a chronic condition that can be managed effectively with proper support.

B. A client who has Meniere’s disease and cannot safely ambulate due to vertigo: While vertigo significantly affects quality of life, it is not life-limiting. This client would benefit more from physical therapy, home safety evaluation, and symptom management, rather than palliative care services.

C. A client who had a stroke and cannot eat or drink without choking: This client may need speech therapy, nutritional support, or possibly enteral feeding, but not necessarily palliative care unless their overall prognosis is poor or complications are expected to worsen.

D. A client whose medications to manage Parkinson’s disease are no longer effective: Palliative care is appropriate for clients with progressive, life-limiting illnesses like advanced Parkinson’s disease, especially when symptoms can no longer be adequately controlled with standard treatments. It focuses on comfort, quality of life, and support for complex symptom management.

A. Stop the blood transfusion immediately. B. Prepare to administer antipyretics. C. Monitor the client for any adverse reactions. D. Transfuse the blood over 6 hr.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Stop the blood transfusion immediately: There is no need to stop the transfusion, as type B negative blood is compatible with AB positive recipients. AB positive individuals are universal recipients and can safely receive red blood cells from any ABO and Rh-negative or Rh-positive blood type.

B. Prepare to administer antipyretics: Antipyretics are not required unless the client shows signs of a febrile reaction. There is no indication from the question that the client is experiencing such symptoms.

C. Monitor the client for any adverse reactions: This is the appropriate action. Although the blood type is compatible, it is standard protocol to closely monitor all clients during transfusion for signs of adverse reactions, especially within the first 15 minutes.

D. Transfuse the blood over 6 hr: Blood transfusions should be completed within 4 hours to reduce the risk of bacterial growth and hemolysis. Extending the transfusion to 6 hours violates safety guidelines.

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A nurse is providing discharge teaching about infection control at home for a client who has tuberculosis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a group of clients. For which of the following clients should the nurse make a referral to palliative care?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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