A nurse is providing education to a client who is suspected of having type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements would the nurse include in client education?
"This type of diabetes means that the cells in your pancreas do not produce any insulin."
"This can be a reversible condition, so we will discuss ways to improve your health."
"Your HbA1c level of 5.7% or below indicates you have impaired glucose tolerance."
"Since you still have working beta cells, you can try a diet to lower your blood sugar."
The Correct Answer is A
A. "This type of diabetes means that the cells in your pancreas do not produce any insulin.": Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by the autoimmune destruction of beta cells in the pancreas, which results in an absolute deficiency of insulin. Patients require insulin therapy for management.
B. "This can be a reversible condition, so we will discuss ways to improve your health.": Type 1 diabetes is not reversible. It is a lifelong condition that requires continuous insulin therapy.
C. "Your HbA1c level of 5.7% or below indicates you have impaired glucose tolerance.": An HbA1c level of 5.7% or below is considered normal or indicative of well-controlled blood glucose levels, not impaired glucose tolerance. Impaired glucose tolerance is typically identified with HbA1c levels from 5.7% to 6.4%.
D. "Since you still have working beta cells, you can try a diet to lower your blood sugar.": In type 1 diabetes, the beta cells are mostly or completely non-functional, meaning dietary changes alone are insufficient. Insulin replacement is necessary.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Hypoglycemia: Hypoglycemia is not directly related to low potassium levels. While electrolyte imbalances can impact overall metabolic processes, hypoglycemia is more commonly associated with insulin use or other medications, rather than hypokalemia.
B. Cardiac dysrhythmias: Hypokalemia (potassium level of 3.3 mEq/L) is associated with an increased risk of cardiac dysrhythmias because potassium is crucial for normal electrical activity in the heart. Low potassium can lead to abnormal heart rhythms, which can be dangerous and life-threatening.
C. Neurogenic shock: Neurogenic shock is typically related to a sudden loss of sympathetic nervous system signals, often from spinal cord injury, and is not directly associated with low potassium levels.
D. Seizures: Seizures are not a common complication of hypokalemia. They are more often related to severe electrolyte imbalances like low sodium, or neurological conditions, rather than low potassium.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Serum T4: In primary hypothyroidism, serum T4 levels are usually low due to decreased production by the thyroid gland.
B. Serum T3: Serum T3 levels are also typically low in primary hypothyroidism, as the thyroid gland produces less hormone overall.
C. Free T4: Free T4, the biologically active form of T4, is also usually low in primary hypothyroidism, reflecting decreased thyroid function.
D. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH): In primary hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland is underactive and does not produce enough thyroid hormones (T3 and T4). As a result, the pituitary gland releases more TSH in an attempt to stimulate the thyroid to produce more hormones, leading to elevated TSH levels.
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