A nurse is teaching an older adult client who has diabetes mellitus about preventing the long term complications of retinopathy and nephropathy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Have an eye examination once per year
Examine your feet carefully every day
Wear compression stockings
"Maintain stable blood glucose level
None
None
The Correct Answer is D
A. While a yearly dilated eye examination is crucial for the early detection and management of diabetic retinopathy, this action alone only addresses one of the two complications mentioned in the prompt. It does not prevent the development of nephropathy.
B. Examining the feet carefully every day is a vital preventive measure for diabetic neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease to avoid foot ulcers and infections. However, daily foot checks do not prevent microvascular damage to the eyes or kidneys.
C. Compression stockings are used to manage venous insufficiency or peripheral edema, but they are not standard preventative therapy for diabetic retinopathy or nephropathy, and tight hosiery may even be contraindicated if the client has co-existing peripheral arterial disease.
D. Maintaining stable, optimal blood glucose levels is the most effective primary intervention to prevent both retinopathy and nephropathy. Chronic hyperglycemia causes microvascular damage to the small blood vessels in both the retina and the renal glomeruli; therefore, strict glycemic control slows the onset and progression of both conditions simultaneously.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["2"]
Explanation
One mg is equal to 1000 mcg, so 0.3 mg is equal to 300 mcg.
Then, the nurse has to divide the ordered dose by the available dose.
300 mcg divided by 150 mcg is equal to 2.
Therefore, the nurse has to give 2 tablets of Synthroid 150 mcg p.o. daily.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Correct. Chvostek's sign is a clinical sign of hypocalcemia. It is elicited by tapping on the facial nerve, just anterior to the ear, and observing for facial twitching or spasm.
B. Incorrect. Kernig's sign is a test for assessing meningitis and involves flexing the hip and knee at 90-degree angles and then extending the knee. This test is not relevant to the client's reported symptoms.
C. Incorrect. Brudzinski's sign is another test for assessing meningitis. It involves flexing the neck forward and observing for involuntary flexion of the hips and knees. This test is not relevant to the client's reported symptoms.
D. Incorrect. Babinski's sign is used to assess upper motor neuron lesions. It involves stimulating the sole of the foot, and in a positive response, the big toe extends upward. This test is not relevant to the client's reported symptoms.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.