A nurse is providing education to a group of clients about sleep and wakefulness disorders. Which of the following statements accurately defines sleep and its importance for human survival?
Sleep is a state of alertness characterized by cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functions.
Sleep is a natural state of rest marked by increased muscle movement and heightened awareness of surroundings.
Sleep is a condition that causes excessive sleepiness during the day despite adequate nighttime sleep.
Sleep is a prolonged period of unconsciousness that is necessary for maintaining well-being.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale: This statement incorrectly defines sleep as a state of alertness, which is not accurate.
Choice B rationale: Sleep is characterized by reduced muscle movement and decreased awareness of surroundings, not increased muscle movement and heightened awareness.
Choice C rationale: This statement describes a condition known as hypersomnia or excessive daytime sleepiness, which is a sleep disorder rather than a definition of sleep itself.
Choice D rationale: Sleep is indeed a prolonged period of unconsciousness that is necessary for maintaining well-being. It is essential for physical and mental health, allowing the body to rest, repair, and rejuvenate.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
"Sleep deprivation can lead to reduced susceptibility to infections.". This statement is incorrect. Sleep deprivation weakens the immune system and reduces the body's ability to fight off infections. Lack of sleep can lead to a decrease in the production of immune cells and antibodies, making individuals more susceptible to infections.
Choice B rationale:
"Sleep deprivation can enhance wound healing.". This statement is incorrect. Wound healing is adversely affected by sleep deprivation. Sleep is essential for the body's natural healing processes, as it allows for the release of growth factors and the repair of damaged tissues. Sleep deprivation can slow down wound healing and hinder the body's recovery mechanisms.
Choice C rationale:
"Sleep deprivation has no impact on autoimmune diseases.". This statement is incorrect. Sleep deprivation can have a significant impact on autoimmune diseases. Sleep plays a crucial role in regulating immune responses and maintaining immune system balance. Sleep deprivation can exacerbate autoimmune conditions and contribute to their progression.
Choice D rationale:
"Sleep deprivation can increase the risk of inflammation.". This is the correct answer. Sleep deprivation is known to increase the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the body. These inflammatory markers can lead to chronic inflammation, which is associated with various health problems, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders.
Correct Answer is ["B","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Allergies are not typically considered medical disorders that directly contribute to sleep and wakefulness disorders. Allergic reactions can lead to discomfort and difficulty breathing, but they are not primary contributors to sleep disturbances.
Choice B rationale:
Degenerative neurologic illnesses, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, can disrupt sleep patterns. These conditions may lead to changes in sleep architecture, insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, and other sleep-related issues.
Choice C rationale:
Infections can cause temporary disruptions in sleep due to symptoms like fever, discomfort, and respiratory issues. However, infections are not among the primary medical disorders known for contributing to chronic sleep and wakefulness disorders.
Choice D rationale:
Mood disorders like depression and anxiety can significantly impact sleep and wakefulness. Depression may lead to insomnia or oversleeping, while anxiety can cause difficulty falling asleep and maintaining sleep. Both conditions can affect sleep quality and duration.
Choice E rationale:
Caffeine consumption is a lifestyle factor, not a medical disorder. While caffeine intake, especially close to bedtime, can interfere with sleep, it is not classified as a medical disorder contributing to sleep and wakefulness disorders.
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