A nurse is planning to teach a group of clients about heart healthy food choices at a community health fair. Which of the following instructions should the nurse plan to include in the teaching?

Limit egg yolks to five per week.

Limit meat intake to 10 oz per day.

Choose oily fish for two meals each week.

Choose ground beef that is 70% lean.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Limit egg yolks to five per week: Egg yolks are high in cholesterol, which can contribute to an increased risk of heart disease if consumed in large quantities. While limiting egg yolks can be beneficial, most current guidelines suggest a more flexible approach. Restricting them to five per week may not be the most accurate advice for a general heart-healthy diet.
B. Limit meat intake to 10 oz per day: 10 oz of lean meat a day is generally considered an acceptable amount for a heart-healthy diet however the recommendation could vary depending on the type of meat and its fat content. Instead, the focus should be on choosing lean proteins and limiting processed meats, rather than setting a strict limit on all meat consumption.
C. Choose oily fish for two meals each week: Oily fish are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which have been shown to reduce the risk of heart disease by lowering triglycerides, reducing inflammation, and improving overall heart health. Consuming oily fish twice a week is consistent with current dietary guidelines aimed at promoting cardiovascular health.
D. Choose ground beef that is 70% lean: Ground beef that is only 70% lean is considered too fatty for a heart-healthy diet, as it is high in saturated fats which can increase cholesterol levels and contribute to heart disease. It is more beneficial to choose leaner options like 90% lean ground beef or plant-based alternatives, which are lower in unhealthy fats and better for heart health.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","F","G"]

Explanation

A. "I should drink about 80 ounces of fluid per day." Adequate hydration is essential for clients with colostomies to prevent constipation and support optimal bowel function. A daily fluid intake of around 80 ounces helps maintain stool consistency and supports overall digestion.
B. "I should eat a source of protein at each meal and snack." Protein is vital for healing, tissue repair, and maintaining muscle mass following surgery. Including protein in meals and snacks supports recovery and meets increased metabolic demands postoperatively.
C. "I should chew my food thoroughly." Thorough chewing reduces the risk of large, undigested food particles entering the stoma, which can cause blockages. This practice promotes better digestion and safer colostomy management.
D. “I should take an over-the-counter antidiarrheal medication if my stools are semiliquid." Using antidiarrheal medication without provider direction may mask underlying complications or contribute to improper bowel regulation. Medical guidance is necessary before initiating any such treatment.
E. "I will have trouble digesting food due to the colostomy." A colostomy changes stool elimination but does not impair digestion or nutrient absorption. The digestive process remains largely intact unless there are additional gastrointestinal conditions.
F. “I should eat 4 to 6 small meals per day." Small, frequent meals promote steady digestion, reduce gas formation, and help clients maintain energy levels during recovery. This pattern is also easier to tolerate postoperatively.
G. "I should eat high-fiber foods." Fiber intake helps regulate bowel movements and promotes stool formation. High-fiber foods should be reintroduced gradually to prevent gas or blockage, especially in the early weeks post-surgery.
H. “I should eat nuts for the first 2 weeks following surgery as a source of fiber." Nuts are difficult to digest and may cause stoma blockage during the early recovery phase. Clients are advised to avoid hard or high-residue foods initially and introduce them gradually under provider supervision.

A. Clear-colored urine B. Decreased urine specific gravity C. Increased hematocrit D. Hypertension

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Clear-colored urine: Clear-colored urine typically indicates adequate hydration or even overhydration. In Clostridium difficile, where the client may be experiencing profuse diarrhea, clear urine would not align with fluid volume deficit. This finding suggests the kidneys are excreting diluted urine, which is not consistent with dehydration.
B. Decreased urine specific gravity: A decreased urine specific gravity reflects dilute urine and usually points to overhydration or an inability to concentrate urine. In a client with C. difficile and likely diarrhea-related fluid loss, the expected finding would be a concentrated urine with increased specific gravity, not decreased.
C. Increased hematocrit: An increased hematocrit indicates hemoconcentration, which occurs when plasma volume is reduced due to fluid loss. In the setting of Clostridium difficile infection, where fluid is lost rapidly through diarrhea, this rise in hematocrit is a classic marker of fluid volume deficit. It reflects the relative increase in red blood cells due to a lower plasma volume.
D. Hypertension: Hypertension is more commonly associated with fluid volume excess or other cardiovascular conditions. In cases of fluid volume deficit, hypotension or orthostatic hypotension is more expected due to decreased circulating blood volume. Therefore, high blood pressure would not support the diagnosis of dehydration in this context.

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A nurse is planning to teach a group of clients about heart healthy food choices at a community health fair. Which of the following instructions should the nurse plan to include in the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse on a medical-surgical unit is caring for a client. Exhibits Select the 5 client statements that indicate an understanding of the discharge teaching on nutrition.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","F","G"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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