A nurse is providing instructions on HIV prevention strategies. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include for harm reduction in individuals who inject drugs?
Abstinence from drug use.
Needle exchange programs.
Condom use during sexual intercourse.
Laws and policies to reduce stigma.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for sexual partners.
Correct Answer : B,E
Choice A rationale:
Abstinence from drug use is an ideal approach, but it may not be practical for individuals struggling with addiction. Harm reduction strategies aim to reduce the negative consequences of drug use while acknowledging that complete abstinence may not be immediately achievable for everyone.
Choice B rationale:
Needle exchange programs are effective harm reduction strategies for individuals who inject drugs. These programs provide clean needles and syringes, reducing the risk of HIV transmission through contaminated needles.
Choice C rationale:
Condom use during sexual intercourse is important for preventing sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. However, this choice specifically asks about harm reduction strategies for individuals who inject drugs.
Choice D rationale:
Laws and policies to reduce stigma are essential for promoting understanding and compassion towards individuals living with HIV. However, this choice does not directly address harm reduction strategies for drug injection.
Choice E rationale:
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for sexual partners can be effective in preventing HIV transmission, but it is not directly related to harm reduction for individuals who inject drugs. PrEP is a preventive measure for those at risk of contracting HIV through sexual activity.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) can help increase CD4 count, but the primary goal of ART is to suppress viral replication and reduce viral load to undetectable levels, thereby preserving immune function.
Choice B rationale:
This is the correct answer. The goal of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is to reduce viral load to undetectable levels, which helps in preventing disease progression and transmission of HIV.
Choice C rationale:
Preventing opportunistic infections and cancers is an important benefit of ART, but the primary goal is to suppress viral replication.
Choice D rationale:
Adherence to the prescribed regimen and schedule is crucial for the effectiveness of ART, but it is not the primary goal of ART itself.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Nucleic acid tests (NAT) are highly sensitive tests that can detect HIV infection early, but the window period stated (3-12 weeks) is not accurate. NAT can detect HIV RNA as early as 9-11 days after exposure, but it may take up to 2-6 weeks for it to be reliably detected.
Choice B rationale:
This is the correct answer. Nucleic acid tests (NAT) can detect HIV infection as early as 2-6 weeks after exposure, making it the option with the shortest window period.
Choice C rationale:
This option is incorrect. NAT can detect HIV infection earlier than the time range stated (10-33 days)
Choice D rationale:
This option is incorrect. NAT can detect HIV infection much earlier than 6 months after exposure.
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