A nurse is providing preventative dietary teaching to a client who has a family history of cholelithiasis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Consume a diet low in cholesterol."

Increase your intake of refined carbohydrates."

Consume a diet high in calories."

Reduce your dietary fiber intake

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) Consume a diet low in cholesterol: A diet low in cholesterol is beneficial for preventing cholelithiasis (gallstones), as high cholesterol levels can contribute to the formation of cholesterol stones in the gallbladder. By reducing dietary cholesterol, the risk of gallstone formation can be minimized.

B) Increase your intake of refined carbohydrates: Increasing the intake of refined carbohydrates can lead to higher levels of triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood, which can promote the formation of gallstones. This dietary change is not recommended for preventing cholelithiasis.

C) Consume a diet high in calories: A high-calorie diet, especially if it leads to obesity, increases the risk of developing gallstones. Obesity is a significant risk factor for cholelithiasis, and a high-calorie diet can contribute to weight gain and the development of gallstones.

D) Reduce your dietary fiber intake: Dietary fiber helps in reducing cholesterol levels by binding bile acids in the intestines, which in turn can prevent the formation of cholesterol gallstones. Reducing fiber intake would be counterproductive and increase the risk of cholelithiasis.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Weight gain: Weight gain is more commonly associated with right-sided heart failure due to fluid retention and peripheral edema. While left-sided heart failure can lead to overall heart failure, causing weight gain, it is not as specific as breathlessness for left-sided failure.

B) Warm extremities after walking: Warm extremities are generally a sign of good circulation. In clients with left-sided heart failure, reduced cardiac output often leads to poor peripheral circulation, which would more likely cause cool extremities.

C) Breathlessness when carrying an object: Left-sided heart failure leads to decreased cardiac output and pulmonary congestion. As a result, clients often experience breathlessness or dyspnea, especially during physical activities, because the heart cannot efficiently pump blood, leading to fluid buildup in the lungs.

D) Increased urinary output during the day: Left-sided heart failure usually causes decreased renal perfusion, leading to reduced urinary output during the day. Clients might experience nocturia (increased nighttime urination) due to fluid reabsorption when lying down, but increased daytime output is not typical.

A. Administer dantrolene sodium IV. B. Monitor client for rapid decrease in heart rate. C. Infuse chilled lactated Ringer's IV. D. Provide oxygen at 12 L/min via Venturi mask.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Administer dantrolene sodium IV: Dantrolene sodium is the treatment of choice for malignant hyperthermia. It acts as a muscle relaxant by inhibiting calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscles, which helps to halt the hypermetabolic crisis.

B) Monitor client for rapid decrease in heart rate: While monitoring vital signs is essential, a rapid decrease in heart rate is not a typical manifestation of malignant hyperthermia. The nurse should primarily focus on interventions to reduce hyperthermia and stabilize the client's condition.

C) Infuse chilled lactated Ringer's IV: Infusing chilled IV fluids can help lower the body temperature in malignant hyperthermia. However, this intervention is supportive and secondary to the administration of dantrolene sodium, which directly addresses the underlying pathophysiology.

D) Provide oxygen at 12 L/min via Venturi mask: Providing high-flow oxygen is necessary to manage hypoxia and metabolic acidosis associated with malignant hyperthermia. Nonetheless, this action is secondary to administering dantrolene sodium, which is crucial to stopping the hyperthermic crisis.

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A nurse is providing preventative dietary teaching to a client who has a family history of cholelithiasis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has left-sided heart failure with diminished cardiac output. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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