A nurse is providing teaching about albuterol to a parent of a school-age child who has asthma. The nurse should instruct the parent to monitor for which of the following findings as adverse effects of albuterol? (Select all that apply.)

Headache

Hypotension

Hyperactivity

Decreased pulse rate

Tremors

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,E

A) Headache:
Headache is a common adverse effect of albuterol due to its action on the central nervous system. The medication can cause vasodilation and changes in blood flow, leading to headaches. Parents should be aware of this potential side effect and manage it accordingly.

B) Hypotension:
Hypotension is not a typical adverse effect of albuterol. Albuterol primarily acts as a beta-2 agonist, leading to bronchodilation and some cardiovascular effects, but it generally does not cause a drop in blood pressure. Instead, it may occasionally increase blood pressure in some individuals.

C) Hyperactivity:
Hyperactivity is a known side effect of albuterol, especially in children. This occurs due to the stimulant effects of the medication on the central nervous system, leading to increased restlessness and activity levels. Parents should monitor their child's behavior for signs of increased hyperactivity.

D) Decreased pulse rate:
Decreased pulse rate (bradycardia) is not associated with albuterol use. Albuterol tends to cause tachycardia, an increased heart rate, due to its beta-adrenergic stimulating effects. Monitoring the pulse rate is essential, but a decreased rate is not a typical concern with this medication.

E) Tremors:
Tremors are a common adverse effect of albuterol, resulting from the stimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors in the muscles. This can cause muscle shaking or jitteriness, particularly in the hands. Parents should be informed about this possible side effect and observe their child for signs of tremors.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Administer dantrolene sodium IV: Dantrolene sodium is the treatment of choice for malignant hyperthermia. It acts as a muscle relaxant by inhibiting calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscles, which helps to halt the hypermetabolic crisis.

B) Monitor client for rapid decrease in heart rate: While monitoring vital signs is essential, a rapid decrease in heart rate is not a typical manifestation of malignant hyperthermia. The nurse should primarily focus on interventions to reduce hyperthermia and stabilize the client's condition.

C) Infuse chilled lactated Ringer's IV: Infusing chilled IV fluids can help lower the body temperature in malignant hyperthermia. However, this intervention is supportive and secondary to the administration of dantrolene sodium, which directly addresses the underlying pathophysiology.

D) Provide oxygen at 12 L/min via Venturi mask: Providing high-flow oxygen is necessary to manage hypoxia and metabolic acidosis associated with malignant hyperthermia. Nonetheless, this action is secondary to administering dantrolene sodium, which is crucial to stopping the hyperthermic crisis.

A. Place a sign on the client's door indicating visual impairment. B. Provide the client with a brightly colored plate and utensils. C. When ambulating with the client, grasp the client's arm above the elbow. D. Speak in an elevated tone of voice when providing care.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Place a sign on the client's door indicating visual impairment:
While indicating the client’s visual impairment to staff can be helpful, privacy and dignity should also be considered. Alternative methods to inform the staff without compromising the client's privacy should be used.

B) Provide the client with a brightly colored plate and utensils:
Brightly colored plates and utensils can help clients with partial vision impairment but may not be significantly beneficial for those who are fully visually impaired.

C) When ambulating with the client, grasp the client's arm above the elbow:
Grasping the client's arm above the elbow is an effective way to guide a visually impaired person. This allows the client to follow the nurse's movements more naturally and ensures better support and guidance.

D) Speak in an elevated tone of voice when providing care:
Elevating the tone of voice is unnecessary and may be misinterpreted as condescending. Clear, normal, and respectful communication is essential for all clients, regardless of visual impairment.

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A nurse is providing teaching about albuterol to a parent of a school-age child who has asthma. The nurse should instruct the parent to monitor for which of the following findings as adverse effects of albuterol? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse in a post anesthesia care unit is caring for a client who is recovering from general anesthesia and is experiencing malignant hyperthermia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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