A nurse is providing teaching about self-administration of insulin to the parent of a school-age child who has a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates a need for further teaching?
"The insulin can be injected anywhere there is adipose tissue."
"I will be sure my child rotates sites after 5 injections in one area."
"I will be sure my child aspirates before injecting the insulin."
"The insulin should be injected at a 90-degree angle."
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A: This statement does not indicate a need for further teaching, as it is correct that insulin can be injected anywhere there is adipose tissue. Adipose tissue is the layer of fat under the skin that can absorb insulin and prevent damage to muscles or organs. The common sites for insulin injection are the abdomen, thighs, buttocks, or upper arms.
Choice B: This statement does not indicate a need for further teaching, as it is correct that the child should rotate sites after 5 injections in one area. Rotating sites can prevent lipodystrophy, which is a condition that causes abnormal changes in fat tissue due to repeated injections. Lipodystrophy can affect the appearance and absorption of insulin in the affected area.
Choice C: This statement indicates a need for further teaching, as it is incorrect that the child should aspirate before injecting the insulin. Aspiration is the process of pulling back on the plunger of the syringe to check for blood before injecting the medication. Aspiration is not recommended for insulin injection, as it can cause pain, bruising, or leakage of insulin from the injection site.
Choice D: This statement does not indicate a need for further teaching, as it is correct that insulin should be injected at a 90-degree angle. Injecting insulin at a 90-degree angle can ensure that the medication reaches the adipose tissue and prevents skin irritation or muscle damage. The only exception is if the child has very thin skin or uses very short needles, in which case they may inject at a 45-degree angle.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A: A 10-year-old child who has sickle cell anemia and reports severe chest pain should be assessed first, as this is a sign of acute chest syndrome, which is a life-threatening complication of sickle cell disease. Acute chest syndrome occurs when sickle-shaped red blood cells block the blood flow to the lungs, causing hypoxia, inflammation, and infection. Acute chest syndrome can lead to respiratory failure, pulmonary hypertension, or stroke.
Choice B: A 7-year-old child who has diabetes insipidus and a urine specific gravity of 1.016 should be assessed second, as this is a sign of dehydration, which is a common complication of diabetes insipidus. Diabetes insipidus is a condition in which the body does not produce enough antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or does not respond to it properly, resulting in excessive urination and thirst. Dehydration can cause electrolyte imbalance, hypotension, or shock.
Choice C: A 4-year-old child who has asthma and an O2 sat of 97% should be assessed third, as this is a sign of adequate oxygenation, which is a desired outcome of asthma management. Asthma is a condition in which the airways become inflamed, narrow, and produce excess mucus, causing difficulty breathing, wheezing, coughing, or chest tightness. Asthma can be triggered by allergens, irritants, exercise, or infections.
Choice D: A 1-year-old toddler who has roseola and a temperature of 39°C/102.2°F should be assessed last, as this is a sign of a mild viral infection, which is self-limiting and usually resolves within a week. Roseola is a common childhood illness that causes a high fever followed by a pink rash on the trunk, face, and limbs. Roseola can also cause irritability, swollen lymph nodes, or mild diarrhea.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A: Skin cancer is a malignant growth of the skin cells, which can be caused by exposure to ultraviolet radiation, genetic mutations, or immunosuppression. Skin cancer does not affect the mouth and does not cause a white, milky plaque. Skin cancer may cause changes in the color, shape, size, or texture of a mole or a skin lesion.
Choice B: Candidiasis or thrush is a fungal infection of the mouth, which can be caused by overgrowth of Candida albicans, a type of yeast that normally lives in the body. Candidiasis or thrush can occur in people who have a weakened immune system, such as those who have a systemic disorder, take antibiotics, immunosuppressants, or corticosteroids, or have a smoking history. Candidiasis or thrush can cause soreness in the mouth and difficulty eating. Candidiasis or thrush can also cause a white, milky plaque that does not come off with rubbing.
Choice C: Squamous cell carcinoma is a type of skin cancer that affects the squamous cells, which are flat cells that form the outer layer of the skin. Squamous cell carcinoma can occur in areas that are exposed to sun damage, such as the face, ears, lips, or neck. Squamous cell carcinoma does not affect the mouth and does not cause a white, milky plaque. Squamous cell carcinoma may cause a red, scaly, crusty, or bleeding bump or patch on the skin.
Choice D: Herpes simplex is a viral infection that affects the skin and mucous membranes, such as the mouth, lips, genitals, or eyes. Herpes simplex is transmitted by direct contact with an infected person or object. Herpes simplex does not cause a white, milky plaque. Herpes simplex may cause painful blisters or ulcers that burst and form scabs.
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