A nurse is providing teaching to a client about interventions to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse the need for further teaching?

"Increasing my intake of foods containing trans-fatty acids can lower my risk."

"Adding foods containing omega-3 fatty acids to my diet can lower my risk."

"A weight loss program can decrease my LDL cholesterol level."

"Exercising regularly will increase HDL cholesterol levels."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. "Increasing my intake of foods containing trans-fatty acids can lower my risk." - This statement is incorrect. Trans-fatty acids are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The client should be advised to reduce or eliminate the consumption of foods containing trans fats.

B. "Adding foods containing omega-3 fatty acids to my diet can lower my risk." - This statement is correct. Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish and certain plant sources, have been associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease.

C. "A weight loss program can decrease my LDL cholesterol level." - This statement is correct. Weight loss, especially in the context of a healthy diet and regular exercise, can contribute to a decrease in LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels.

D. "Exercising regularly will increase HDL cholesterol levels." - This statement is correct. Regular exercise is associated with an increase in HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, which is considered beneficial for heart health.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Respiratory alkalosis: Respiratory alkalosis is characterized by a decrease in carbonic acid (CO2) due to hyperventilation, leading to an increased pH. Shallow respirations would not typically cause respiratory alkalosis.

B. Respiratory acidosis: This is the correct answer. Shallow respirations result in inadequate elimination of CO2, leading to an excess of carbonic acid and the development of respiratory acidosis.

C. Metabolic acidosis: Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a decrease in bicarbonate (HCO3-), not carbonic acid (CO2). Shallow respirations would not directly contribute to metabolic acidosis.

D. Metabolic alkalosis: Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by an increase in bicarbonate (HCO3-). Shallow respirations would not typically cause metabolic alkalosis.

A. Troponin is a lipid whose levels reflect the risk for coronary artery disease. B. Troponin is an enzyme that indicates damage to brain, heart, and skeletal muscle tissues. C. Troponin is a protein that helps transport oxygen throughout the body. D. Troponin is a heart muscle protein that appears in the bloodstream when there is damage to the heart

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Troponin is a lipid whose levels reflect the risk for coronary artery disease: This statement is incorrect. Troponin is not a lipid, and its levels do not reflect the risk for coronary artery disease. Troponin is a protein associated with muscle tissue.

B. Troponin is an enzyme that indicates damage to brain, heart, and skeletal muscle tissues: While troponin indicates damage to muscle tissues, it is specifically associated with cardiac muscle, not brain or skeletal muscle tissues.

C. Troponin is a protein that helps transport oxygen throughout the body: This statement is incorrect. While proteins in the blood may contribute to oxygen transport, troponin's primary role is in muscle contraction, particularly in the heart.

D. Troponin is a heart muscle protein that appears in the bloodstream when there is damage to the heart: This is the correct answer. Troponin is a protein found in cardiac muscle cells, and when there is damage to the heart, such as during a myocardial infarction, troponin is released into the bloodstream. Elevated troponin levels in the blood are indicative of myocardial injury or infarction.

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A nurse is providing teaching to a client about interventions to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse the need for further teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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