A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"Albumin in my urine is an indication of normal kidney function."
"I will keep my blood glucose levels between 200 and 212 milligrams per deciliter."
"I will keep my HbA1c at five percent."
"I will have ketones in my urine if my blood glucose is maintained at 190 milligrams per deciliter."
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale:
Albumin in the urine is not an indication of normal kidney function. The presence of albumin in the urine, known as albuminuria, is a sign of kidney damage, especially in individuals with diabetes. It's essential for individuals with diabetes to monitor and manage their kidney health, as kidney damage is a common complication.
Choice B rationale:
Blood glucose levels between 200 and 212 milligrams per deciliter are higher than the recommended target range for individuals with type 1 diabetes. Maintaining blood glucose levels within a healthy range (typically 80-130 mg/dL fasting) is important to prevent complications.
Choice C rationale:
An HbA1c level of five percent is unrealistically low and not achievable. The HbA1c level reflects the average blood glucose level over the past two to three months. While lower HbA1c levels are associated with better diabetes control, aiming for an HbA1c of five percent would pose a risk of hypoglycemia and potential complications.
Choice D rationale:
The statement "I will have ketones in my urine if my blood glucose is maintained at 190 milligrams per deciliter" demonstrates an understanding of the relationship between high blood glucose levels and ketone production. Elevated blood glucose levels can lead to the breakdown of fats for energy, resulting in the production of ketones, which can be detected in the urine. Ketones in the urine can be a sign of inadequate diabetes management and a risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Diluting formula with water is not a recommended practice. Formula should be prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions to provide the appropriate balance of nutrients for the newborn. Diluting formula can lead to inadequate nutrition and potential health risks.
Choice B rationale:
Placing the newborn in a side-lying position if vomiting is not advised. Gastroesophageal reflux refers to the backward flow of stomach contents into the esophagus. Placing the newborn in a side-lying position can increase the risk of choking if vomiting occurs. Keeping the baby upright for some time after feeding helps reduce reflux episodes.
Choice C rationale:
Providing a small feeding just before bedtime can exacerbate gastroesophageal reflux. It's recommended to avoid feeding the baby right before bedtime to prevent reflux-related discomfort during sleep. Elevating the head of the crib slightly can also help minimize reflux symptoms.
Choice D rationale:
Positioning the newborn at a 20-degree angle after feeding is a suitable instruction. This position helps prevent or reduce gastroesophageal reflux by allowing gravity to assist in keeping stomach contents down. It's important to hold the baby in an upright position for about 20 to 30 minutes after feeding to facilitate digestion and minimize reflux episodes.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Soft, formed bowel movements indicate effective probiotic therapy. Probiotics are live microorganisms that confer health benefits when consumed in adequate amounts. They can promote gut health and regular bowel movements by restoring the balance of intestinal flora. The presence of soft, formed stools suggests that the probiotics are aiding in digestion and maintaining a healthy gut environment.
Choice B rationale:
The pinkness of mucous membranes is not a direct indicator of the effectiveness of probiotic therapy. While probiotics can have systemic effects on the body, such as enhancing the immune system, mucous membrane color is more influenced by factors like oxygenation and hydration status.
Choice C rationale:
The ability to complete activities of daily living (ADLs) is not a specific marker of the effectiveness of probiotic therapy. Probiotics primarily impact gastrointestinal health and digestion. ADLs reflect a client's overall functional status, which can be influenced by various factors beyond probiotic use.
Choice D rationale:
Blood glucose level being within the expected reference range is not directly related to probiotic therapy. The question stem mentions that the client is receiving parenteral nutrition, which means they are likely not consuming food orally, reducing the impact of dietary factors on blood glucose levels. Blood glucose levels are more affected by factors like insulin administration and the body's glucose utilization.
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