A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is in the first trimester of pregnancy. Which of the following dietary considerations should the nurse teach to decrease exposure of the fetus to harmful effects?

You should limit your consumption of seafood to avoid exposure to mercury."

You should not eat hard cheeses, such as Romano, Parmesan, and Asiago, to avoid listeriosis."

"You should decrease your salt intake to avoid preeclampsia."

"You should start using artificial sweeteners to decrease the risk of gestational diabetes."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. "You should limit your consumption of seafood to avoid exposure to mercury. Certain fish contain high levels of mercury, which can negatively impact fetal brain development. Pregnant individuals are advised to limit consumption of high-mercury seafood and choose safer options like salmon, shrimp, and cod, keeping weekly intake within recommended limits.
B. "You should not eat hard cheeses, such as Romano, Parmesan, and Asiago, to avoid listeriosis."
Hard cheeses are typically safe to eat during pregnancy because they are low in moisture and unlikely to support Listeria growth. It is soft, unpasteurized cheeses like brie and queso fresco that pose a higher listeriosis risk.
C. "You should decrease your salt intake to avoid preeclampsia." There is no strong evidence that reducing salt intake prevents preeclampsia. Pregnant individuals should follow normal dietary guidelines unless otherwise directed by a healthcare provider due to existing hypertension or kidney conditions.
D. "You should start using artificial sweeteners to decrease the risk of gestational diabetes."
Artificial sweeteners do not prevent gestational diabetes and some types may have unclear safety profiles in pregnancy. Emphasis should be placed on balanced nutrition and managing total carbohydrate intake rather than replacing sugar with artificial alternatives.

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Correct Answer is ["236"]

Explanation

Identify the calorie content per gram of each macronutrient.

Protein: 4 calories/gram

Fat: 9 calories/gram

Carbohydrates: 4 calories/gram

Calculate the calories from protein.

Calories from protein = 2 g × 4 calories/gram

= 8 calories.

Calculate the calories from fat.

Calories from fat = 12 g × 9 calories/gram

= 108 calories.

Calculate the calories from carbohydrates.

Calories from carbohydrates = 30 g × 4 calories/gram

= 120 calories.

Calculate the total calories in the cookie.

Total calories = Calories from protein + Calories from fat + Calories from carbohydrates

= 8 calories + 108 calories + 120 calories

= 236 calories.

Rounded to the nearest whole number: 236.

A. Muscle weakness B. Hyperreflexia C. Chvostek's sign D. Seizures

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Muscle weakness: Potassium is essential for normal neuromuscular function, and a low serum potassium level disrupts muscle cell excitability and contractility. As a result, clients may present with generalized weakness, particularly in the lower extremities, and may have difficulty with mobility or respiration if the weakness progresses.
B. Hyperreflexia: Hyperreflexia is more commonly associated with elevated calcium or magnesium imbalances rather than decreased potassium. Hypokalemia typically causes reduced neuromuscular excitability, which would result in diminished or absent reflexes rather than increased reflex activity. Therefore, hyperreflexia is not an expected finding in a client with low potassium.
C. Chvostek's sign: Chvostek’s sign is associated with hypocalcemia, not hypokalemia. It is elicited by tapping the facial nerve, resulting in twitching of the facial muscles. This sign indicates increased neuromuscular excitability due to low calcium levels, which is unrelated to potassium regulation. It is not expected in cases of decreased potassium.
D. Seizures: Seizures are more commonly linked with abnormalities in sodium or calcium levels, particularly hyponatremia or severe hypocalcemia. While severe hypokalemia can lead to cardiac arrhythmias and muscle paralysis, it is not typically associated with seizures. Therefore, seizures are not a standard finding in clients with hypokalemia.

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A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is in the first trimester of pregnancy. Which of the following dietary considerations should the nurse teach to decrease exposure of the fetus to harmful effects?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing education to adolescents about healthy food choices. A cookie has 2 g of protein, 12 g of fat, and 30 g of carbohydrates. How many calories does the cookie contain? (Round to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Correct Answer is ["236"]

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has a decreased potassium level. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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