A nurse is providing teaching to a group of clients about the prevention of coronary artery disease. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Walk 30 min daily at a comfortable pace.
Limit saturated fat intake to 10% of total daily calories.
Maintain a BMI of 30.
Consume at least 2,000 mg of sodium per day.
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Walk 30 min daily at a comfortable pace: While daily walking is beneficial, a comfortable pace may not provide enough cardiovascular benefit. Moderate-intensity aerobic activity is more effective in preventing coronary artery disease.
B. Limit saturated fat intake to 10% of total daily calories: Reducing saturated fat intake helps lower LDL cholesterol levels, a major contributor to atherosclerosis. This dietary modification is a key recommendation for coronary artery disease prevention.
C. Maintain a BMI of 30: A BMI of 30 indicates obesity, which is a significant risk factor for coronary artery disease. The goal should be to maintain a BMI under 25 to reduce cardiovascular risk.
D. Consume at least 2,000 mg of sodium per day: While 2,000 mg may seem moderate, most guidelines recommend keeping sodium intake below this level—often under 1,500 mg—to reduce hypertension and lower heart disease risk.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. First-degree heart block: This rhythm shows a prolonged PR interval but maintains regular P waves before every QRS complex and a consistent rhythm. The presence of P waves and regularity rule out this option.
B. Atrial fibrillation: Atrial fibrillation is characterized by an irregularly irregular rhythm and absent or indistinct P waves due to disorganized atrial electrical activity. A heart rate of 98/min with no clear P waves fits the criteria for this dysrhythmia.
C. Complete heart block: Complete (third-degree) heart block features a complete dissociation between atrial and ventricular activity, with P waves and QRS complexes occurring independently. It typically presents with a bradycardic rhythm, not near 98/min.
D. Ventricular tachycardia: Ventricular tachycardia presents with a rapid, regular rhythm and wide QRS complexes. It usually lacks P waves but is typically much faster than 98/min, often ranging from 140 to 200 beats/min.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. "I will have to move out of my family's home until I am no longer contagious.": It is not necessary for the client to move out of the home, but precautions such as proper ventilation, wearing a mask, and isolating in a separate room can reduce the risk of transmission to household members during the contagious period.
B. "I will place my used tissues in a plastic bag.": Disposing of used tissues in a sealed plastic bag helps contain respiratory secretions and prevent the spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This is an appropriate infection control practice that demonstrates understanding of proper hygiene.
C. "I will cover my mouth with my hands when I have to cough.": Covering the mouth is essential, but using the hands increases the risk of spreading bacteria through contact with surfaces. The client should be instructed to use a tissue or the inside of the elbow to minimize contamination.
D. "I will not go in public areas until I am cured.": Total avoidance of public areas is not necessary, but the client should avoid crowded places and public transport during the initial phase of treatment, typically the first few weeks, when they are still contagious.
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