A nurse is providing teaching to an adolescent who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
Take glyburide with breakfast
Obtain an influenza vaccine annually
Inject insulin in the deltoid muscle
Administer glucagon for hyperglycemia
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Glyburide is an oral medication that lowers blood sugar by stimulating the pancreas to produce more insulin. It is not used for type 1 diabetes mellitus, as the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin in this condition. Glyburide is used for type 2 diabetes mellitus, which is caused by insulin resistance.
Choice B reason: Obtaining an influenza vaccine annually is recommended for people who have type 1 diabetes mellitus, as they are more prone to complications from the flu, such as pneumonia, ketoacidosis, and hospitalization. The vaccine can help prevent or reduce the severity of the flu and its complications.
Choice C reason: Injecting insulin in the deltoid muscle is not the best practice for administering insulin, as the absorption rate and onset of action may vary depending on the muscle mass and blood flow. The preferred sites for insulin injection are the abdomen, the upper arms, the thighs, and the buttocks, as they have more subcutaneous fat and less muscle tissue. The injection site should also be rotated to prevent lipodystrophy.
Choice D reason: Administering glucagon for hyperglycemia is not appropriate, as glucagon is a hormone that raises blood sugar by stimulating the liver to release glucose. It is used for hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, which is a common and serious complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, is treated with insulin, fluids, and electrolytes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Fifth disease is a viral infection that causes a rash on the face and body. It is also known as erythema infectiosum or slapped cheek syndrome. It is not the same as pertussis.
Choice B reason: Whooping cough is a bacterial infection that causes severe coughing spells that end with a whooping sound. It is also known as pertussis or the 100-day cough. It is the correct common name for the disease.
Choice C reason: Chickenpox is a viral infection that causes an itchy rash with blisters. It is also known as varicella. It is not the same as pertussis.
Choice D reason: Mumps is a viral infection that causes swelling of the salivary glands. It is also known as parotitis. It is not the same as pertussis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Changes in the voice signal the beginning of puberty is incorrect, as voice changes usually occur in the middle or late stages of puberty, not the beginning. The first sign of puberty in boys is usually testicular enlargement, followed by pubic hair growth and penile enlargement.
Choice B reason: Growth spurts in height occur toward the end of mid-puberty is correct, as this is the typical pattern of growth for boys during puberty. Boys usually start their growth spurt later than girls, but grow faster and for a longer period of time.
Choice C reason: Puberty might be delayed if scrotal changes have not occurred by the age of 11 years is incorrect, as this is not a definitive indicator of delayed puberty. Puberty can vary widely among individuals, and some boys may start later than others without any underlying problem. Delayed puberty is usually diagnosed if there is no sign of puberty by the age of 14 years.
Choice D reason: Gynecomastia commonly occurs during late puberty is incorrect, as gynecomastia, or the enlargement of breast tissue in males, usually occurs in the early or middle stages of puberty, not the late stage. It is caused by hormonal changes and usually resolves on its own within a few months or years.
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