A nurse is providing teaching to family members of a client who has dementia. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Discourage physical activity during the day.

Use clothing with buttons and zippers.

Establish a toileting schedule for the client

Engage the client in activities that increase sensory stimulation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason:

Discourage physical activity during the day is incorrect. Encouraging physical activity is generally beneficial for individuals with dementia. Regular exercise can improve mood, reduce agitation, and enhance overall health. However, the level and type of physical activity should be tailored to the individual's abilities and preferences.

Choice B reason

Use clothing with buttons and zippers is incorrect. Clothing with buttons and zippers can be challenging for individuals with dementia due to fine motor skill impairments and difficulty with dressing. It is often recommended to use clothing with simple closures, such as Velcro or elastic bands, to make dressing easier and more manageable for the individual.

Choice C reason:

Individuals with dementia may experience difficulties with communication, memory, and problem-solving, which can affect their ability to recognize and express the need to use the restroom. As a result, they may be at risk of urinary or bowel incontinence. To address this concern and promote the client's comfort and dignity, establishing a toileting schedule is essential. A consistent routine for bathroom breaks can help prevent accidents and improve the client's overall well-being.

Choice D reason:

Engage the client in activities that increase sensory stimulation is incorrect. While sensory stimulation activities can be enjoyable and engaging for individuals with dementia, it is essential to select activities that are appropriate and not overwhelming. Some individuals with dementia may become overstimulated, which can lead to agitation or distress. Activities should be tailored to the individual's preferences and abilities.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The frequency in which the client presses the call button is not a priority for the change-of-shift report, as it does not indicate the level of pain or comfort of the client. This choice is incorrect.

B. The client's most recent ventilator settings are not applicable, as the client was weaned from mechanical ventilation and no longer requires it. This choice is incorrect.

C. The time of the client's last dose of pain medication is important for the change-of-shift report, as it helps to ensure continuity of care and prevent under- or over-medication of the client. This choice is correct.

D. The last time the provider evaluated the client is not relevant for the change-of-shift report, as it does not reflect the current status of the client. This choice is incorrect.

A. aPTT B. PT C. INR D. WBC count

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A is correct because aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) measures the effectiveness of heparin therapy and guides dosage adjustments.

B is incorrect because PT (prothrombin time) measures the effectiveness of warfarin therapy, not heparin.

C is incorrect because INR (international normalized ratio) is a standardized version of PT that also monitors warfarin therapy, not heparin.

D is incorrect because WBC count (white blood cell count) measures the body's immune response and has no relation to heparin therapy.

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A nurse is providing teaching to family members of a client who has dementia. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

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