A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a toddler who is scheduled for an electrocardiogram. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

Rationale:

A. This is a positive reinforcement strategy that can motivate the child to take the medication and reduce the unpleasant taste.

B. Giving milk with the medication may not be suitable for all medications, and some medications may interact with dairy products.

C. Mixing the medication with the child's favorite food is not advised because it can alter the taste and texture of the food and make the child dislike it in the future.

D. Diluting the medication with water may not be appropriate for all medications, and it could alter the effectiveness or stability of the medication.

A. Nephrotic syndrome typically presents with edema, proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperlipidemia, rather than the symptoms described in the scenario.
B. Renal scarring can occur as a complication of untreated or recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), particularly pyelonephritis. The presence of fever and lethargy in the child, along with the history of decreased appetite, raises concerns for a urinary tract infection that could lead to renal scarring if left untreated.
C. Polycystic kidney disease typically presents later in life and is not typically associated with acute febrile illness in a 1-year-old toddler.
D. While acute glomerulonephritis can occur following certain infections such as streptococcal infections, it is less commonly associated with fever and lethargy compared to pyelonephritis.

E. Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidneys commonly associated with fever and lethargy, especially in young children. The fever and lethargy reported by the parent, along with the urine sample obtained, suggest a concern for pyelonephritis.