A nurse is reassessing a client before performing an intervention for a client who has hypertension. Which of the following are essential components of this skill? (Select all that apply.).
The nurse checks the client's identification bracelet and verifies allergies.
The nurse measures the client's blood pressure in both arms and compares with previous readings.
The nurse asks the client if they have taken any over-the-counter medications or herbal supplements.
The nurse reviews the most current evidence and guidelines for hypertension management.
The nurse explains the purpose, procedure, and potential side effects of the intervention to the client.
Correct Answer : A,C,E
Choice A reason:
The nurse checks the client's identification bracelet and verifies allergies. This is an essential component of this skill because it ensures that the nurse is performing the intervention for the right client and avoids any potential adverse reactions or interactions due to allergies.
Choice B reason:
The nurse measures the client's blood pressure in both arms and compares with previous readings. This is not an essential component of this skill because it is not directly related to the intervention for hypertension. It is a part of the assessment process that should be done before planning the intervention.
Choice C reason:
The nurse asks the client if they have taken any over-the-counter medications or herbal supplements. This is an essential component of this skill because it helps the nurse to identify any possible factors that may affect the client's blood pressure or the effectiveness of the intervention. Some medications or supplements may interact with the prescribed drugs or alter the blood pressure level.
Choice D reason:
The nurse reviews the most current evidence and guidelines for hypertension management. This is not an essential component of this skill because it is not specific to the client's situation or needs. It is a part of the planning process that should be done before implementing the intervention.
Choice E reason:
The nurse explains the purpose, procedure, and potential side effects of the intervention to the client. This is an essential component of this skill because it respects the client's autonomy and informed consent. It also helps the client to understand what to expect and how to cope with any possible complications or discomforts.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason:
The date and time of the evaluation are essential to document because they provide a reference point for the progress of the patient and the effectiveness of the nursing interventions. They also help to establish a timeline of events and facilitate communication among the health care team.
Choice B reason:
The methods used to measure outcomes are important to document because they show how the nurse assessed the patient's condition and whether the expected outcomes were met, partially met, or not met. They also provide evidence of the quality and consistency of care provided by the nurse.
Choice C reason:
The revisions made to the plan of care are necessary to document because they reflect the changes in the patient's status and needs, as well as the nurse's clinical judgment and decision making. They also demonstrate the ongoing evaluation and adaptation of the nursing care plan to achieve optimal outcomes for the patient.
Choice D reason:
The rationale for choosing interventions is not required to document because it is part of the planning phase of the nursing process, not the evaluation phase. The rationale for choosing interventions should be based on evidence-based practice, standards of care, and clinical guidelines, which are already established and available for reference.
Choice E reason:
The comparison of outcomes with goals is essential to document because it shows whether the nursing care plan was effective in addressing the patient's problems and improving the patient's condition. It also helps to identify areas of improvement, gaps in care, and opportunities for learning and feedback.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason:
The client's level of fatigue and weakness is an important data to collect because fatigue is one of the most common and disabling symptoms of MS, affecting about 80% of people with the condition. Fatigue can interfere with the client's daily activities, quality of life, and ability to cope with other symptoms. Weakness is also a common symptom of MS, caused by damage to the nerve fibers that control muscle movements. Weakness can affect the client's mobility, balance, and coordination.
Choice B reason:
The client's cognitive and emotional status is another important data to collect because MS can affect the brain and spinal cord, leading to cognitive impairment in about 50% of people with MS. Cognitive impairment can affect the client's memory, attention, concentration, problem-solving, and decision-making skills. MS can also cause emotional changes, such as depression, anxiety, mood swings, irritability, and euphoria. Emotional changes can affect the client's coping skills, social relationships, and self-esteem.
Choice C reason:
The client's family history and genetic risk factors is not an important data to collect because MS is not a hereditary disease. Although genetic factors may play a role in increasing the susceptibility to MS, they are not sufficient to cause the disease by themselves. MS is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors that trigger an autoimmune response in the central nervous system. Therefore, knowing the client's family history and genetic risk factors will not help in diagnosing or managing MS.
Choice D reason:
The client's vision and hearing acuity is an important data to collect because MS can affect the optic nerve and cause visual disturbances, such as blurred vision, double vision, loss of color vision, pain in the eye, or temporary blindness. Visual disturbances are often the first symptom of MS and can recur or worsen over time. MS can also affect the auditory nerve and cause hearing problems, such as hearing loss, tinnitus, or vertigo. Hearing problems are less common than visual problems in MS but can still affect the client's communication and quality of life.
Choice E reason:
The client's mobility and coordination skills is an important data to collect because MS can damage the nerve fibers that control muscle movements and cause spasticity, tremors, ataxia, dysmetria, or dysdiadochokinesia. These symptoms can affect the client's mobility and coordination skills and increase the risk of falls, injuries, or disability. Assessing the client's mobility and coordination skills can help in planning interventions to improve function, safety, and independence.
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