A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching to a client who has epilepsy. Which of the following instructions should be included in the teaching?

To calculate the dose of phenytoin suspension, the nurse should use the following formula:

Dose (mL) = Desired dose (mg) / Concentration (mg/mL) x Volume (mL)

Plugging in the values from the question, we get:

Dose (mL) = 75 mg / (25 mg/5 mL) x 5 mL

Dose (mL) = 15 mL

Therefore, the nurse should administer 15 mL of phenytoin suspension to the patient

A. Placing padding around or under the patient's head

This is a helpful instruction to include. Placing padding around or under the patient's head can help prevent injury during a seizure by cushioning the head against impact with the ground.

B. Positioning the patient on the side once the relaxation stage is entered to allow oral secretions to drain

This is a correct instruction. Positioning the patient on their side (recovery position) can help prevent aspiration if vomiting occurs during or after the seizure. It also helps clear oral secretions and maintain a clear airway.

C. Having the necessary equipment and/or personnel in case the patient doesn't spontaneously breathe when the seizure is over

This is an important instruction. It is crucial to have emergency equipment (such as oxygen and suction) readily available and to be prepared to provide respiratory support if the patient does not spontaneously breathe after the seizure.

D. Inserting a tongue depressor in the patient's mouth

This is an incorrect instruction. It is not recommended to insert anything into the patient's mouth during a seizure as it can cause injury to the teeth, gums, or airway. Additionally, it is a common misconception that tongue swallowing occurs during seizures, which is rare.

E. Noting the time the seizure started

This is a critical instruction. Noting the time the seizure started helps healthcare providers assess the duration of the seizure and determine if medical intervention is necessary. It also helps monitor the patient's recovery and response to treatment.

F. Holding the patient down to prevent injury

This is an incorrect instruction. Holding the patient down during a seizure can cause injury to both the patient and the person restraining them. It is important to create a safe environment by removing hazards and guiding the patient away from dangerous objects or situations, but holding them down is not appropriate.