A nurse is reinforcing teaching about diagnostic tests with the parents of a child who has suspected cystic fibrosis. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the nurse include as the most definitive when diagnosing cystic fibrosis?
Pulmonary function test
Sweat chloride test
Stool fat content analysis
Sputum culture
The Correct Answer is B
A. Pulmonary function test:
Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) assess lung function by measuring airflow, lung volume, and gas exchange. While PFTs can provide valuable information about respiratory function, they are not specific to cystic fibrosis and may show abnormalities consistent with various respiratory conditions. However, PFTs are often performed in individuals with cystic fibrosis to monitor lung function over time and assess response to treatment. They are not considered the most definitive test for diagnosing cystic fibrosis.
B. Sweat chloride test:
This option is correct. The sweat chloride test is considered the most definitive diagnostic test for cystic fibrosis. It measures the concentration of chloride in sweat, which is typically elevated in individuals with cystic fibrosis due to defective chloride transport in sweat glands. A sweat chloride concentration above a certain threshold (usually ≥60 mmol/L) is diagnostic of cystic fibrosis, particularly when confirmed with repeat testing.
C. Stool fat content analysis:
Stool fat content analysis evaluates fat absorption and fecal fat excretion, which may be impaired in individuals with cystic fibrosis due to pancreatic insufficiency. However, while stool fat content analysis can provide supportive evidence of malabsorption in cystic fibrosis, it is not considered the most definitive test for diagnosing the condition. Stool fat content analysis is often used in conjunction with other diagnostic tests to assess pancreatic function and nutritional status in individuals with cystic fibrosis.
D. Sputum culture:
Sputum culture involves culturing respiratory secretions to identify bacterial pathogens, which can be useful for diagnosing respiratory infections in individuals with cystic fibrosis. However, sputum culture is not specific to cystic fibrosis and may show similar findings in other respiratory conditions. While respiratory cultures are important for guiding treatment in cystic fibrosis, they are not considered the most definitive test for diagnosing the condition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Promote maternal-infant bonding: While promoting maternal-infant bonding is essential for the overall well-being of the newborn and family, it may not be the priority in this situation. The immediate focus is on medical management and preventing complications associated with the myelomeningocele.
B. Provide age-appropriate stimulation: Age-appropriate stimulation is important for newborn development, but in the case of a newborn with a myelomeningocele awaiting surgery, the priority is to minimize any potential risk of injury or infection to the exposed neural tissue.
C. Educate the parents about the defect: Education about the myelomeningocele and its long-term implications is crucial for the parents' understanding and ability to care for their child. However, while important, this may not be the priority at the immediate moment.
D. Maintain integrity of the sac: This is the priority nursing goal in caring for a newborn with a myelomeningocele awaiting surgery. The sac covering the exposed neural tissue must be carefully protected to prevent infection and further damage. Measures such as keeping the sac moist with sterile saline dressings and preventing trauma to the area are essential to maintain its integrity.
Correct Answer is ["B","D"]
Explanation
A. Cranberry juice
Cranberry juice may be too acidic and could irritate the surgical site. It's best to avoid acidic beverages immediately following a tonsillectomy.
B. Ice-cream
This option is suitable. Ice-cream is cold and soothing, and it can help numb the throat, providing relief from discomfort after a tonsillectomy. However, it's essential to ensure that the ice-cream is not too cold to avoid causing discomfort.
C. Hot tea
Hot tea is not recommended immediately following a tonsillectomy. Hot liquids can irritate the surgical site and may cause discomfort. It's best to avoid hot beverages until the throat has had time to heal.
D. Italian ice
Italian ice is a frozen dessert similar to a slushy, and it can be a suitable option after a tonsillectomy. Like ice-cream, Italian ice is cold and can help numb the throat, providing relief from discomfort.
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