A nurse is reinforcing teaching about receiving epinephrine as an emergency intervention for anaphylaxis. Which of the following information should the nurse reinforce with the client?

Epinephrine relaxes the bronchioles and counteracts the effect of histamine

Epinephrine should be given along with a beta blocker.

Epinephrine should be administered intranasally

Epinephrine causes a decrease in blood pressure

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Epinephrine relaxes the bronchioles and counteracts the effect of histamine: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis because it rapidly relaxes bronchial smooth muscles, reducing airway constriction, and counteracts histamine's effects, which include vasodilation, edema, and hypotension. This helps restore breathing and circulation.

B. Epinephrine should be given along with a beta blocker: Administering epinephrine with a beta blocker is dangerous because beta blockers can reduce the effectiveness of epinephrine and may worsen bronchospasm. Beta blockers are not recommended during acute management of anaphylaxis.

C. Epinephrine should be administered intranasally: Epinephrine is typically administered intramuscularly (IM), usually into the thigh, during anaphylactic emergencies for rapid absorption. Intranasal administration is not effective for treating life-threatening systemic allergic reactions.

D. Epinephrine causes a decrease in blood pressure: Epinephrine actually increases blood pressure by causing vasoconstriction. This counters the dangerous hypotension that occurs during anaphylaxis, helping to stabilize cardiovascular function quickly.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Crackles in the lung bases: Left-sided heart failure leads to fluid buildup in the lungs due to the heart's inability to pump blood effectively. This fluid accumulation causes pulmonary congestion, which results in crackles, particularly in the lung bases. This is a common and expected finding in left-sided heart failure.

B. Anorexia: Anorexia may occur in heart failure, but it is not a primary or typical finding of left-sided heart failure. It is more commonly associated with right-sided heart failure, where digestive system congestion is more prevalent.

C. Bradycardia: Left-sided heart failure typically causes tachycardia (elevated heart rate) as the body compensates for the decreased cardiac output. Bradycardia is less commonly seen unless the client has an underlying arrhythmia or is on medications like beta-blockers.

D. Polyuria during the day: Polyuria, or excessive urination, is typically observed at night (nocturia) in clients with heart failure due to fluid redistribution when lying down. It is not commonly observed during the day.

A. "I really wish I had a girl instead." B. "I am so relieved the baby looks like my mother." C. "My labor was so long I'm glad it's over." D. "My appetite has really increased”

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "I really wish I had a girl instead.": Expressing disappointment in the baby's gender may indicate difficulty bonding with the infant or potential postpartum emotional concerns. This statement warrants further evaluation to assess for postpartum depression or attachment issues.

B. "I am so relieved the baby looks like my mother.": Feeling relieved that the baby resembles a family member is a normal emotional reaction and does not typically require further psychological evaluation unless associated with more concerning behaviors.

C. "My labor was so long I'm glad it's over.": Expressing relief after a long labor is a normal reaction and does not indicate emotional distress or dysfunction that would need further mental health evaluation.

D. "My appetite has really increased.": An increased appetite two weeks postpartum is a normal physiological response as the body recovers from childbirth, particularly if the client is breastfeeding. It does not suggest a need for further emotional or physical evaluation.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching about receiving epinephrine as an emergency intervention for anaphylaxis. Which of the following information should the nurse reinforce with the client?

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