A nurse is assisting in the care of a toddler whose caregivers have questions about allergies. Which of the following should the nurse identify as the most common allergic reaction in children?

Allergic rhinitis

Systemic reaction

Hives

Anaphylaxis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Allergic rhinitis. Allergic rhinitis is the most common allergic reaction in children, often triggered by environmental allergens such as pollen, dust mites, and pet dander. It presents with symptoms like sneezing, nasal congestion, runny nose, and itchy eyes, affecting a large number of children worldwide.

B. Systemic reaction. Systemic allergic reactions, which affect multiple organ systems, are less common than localized reactions such as allergic rhinitis. They are more severe but do not occur as frequently in children as mild to moderate allergic responses.

C. Hives. Hives (urticaria) are a common allergic skin reaction, often triggered by food, medications, or insect stings. However, while common, they occur less frequently than allergic rhinitis, which is a more persistent condition.

D. Anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is a severe and life-threatening allergic reaction, but it is relatively rare compared to allergic rhinitis. It requires immediate medical intervention and is most commonly triggered by food allergies, insect stings, or medications.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Complete a screening test for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). By 18 months, most toddlers have said their first word, and a lack of speech development can be an early sign of ASD or other developmental delays. The M-CHAT (Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers) is a common screening tool used at this age to assess for autism. Early identification allows for timely interventions.

B. Ask the parent about recent immunizations. While immunization history is important for overall health, there is no connection between vaccines and delayed speech development. This question does not directly address the developmental concern at hand.

C. Educate the parent that toddlers do not typically say their first word until 18-20 months of age. This is incorrect. Most toddlers say their first word around 12 months, and by 18 months, they typically have a vocabulary of several words. A lack of speech at this age warrants further assessment.

D. Ask the parent if the toddler has a history of hospitalizations or surgeries. While medical history is important, hospitalizations or surgeries are not the most common causes of delayed speech. Developmental screening is the most appropriate next step in evaluating speech delays.

A. “I will give you the names and contact information of a few good counselors. Talking to a professional is very helpful." B. “Taking care of anyone with complex medical needs can be very overwhelming. What has your healthcare team told you about respite care?” C. "You seem to be under a lot of stress. Have you tried reading self-help books on coping with stress?" D. "Has something changed with your child's health condition? You can usually handle taking care of them. I will schedule a follow-up appointment with their provider to see what is going on.”

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. “I will give you the names and contact information of a few good counselors. Talking to a professional is very helpful." While counseling can be beneficial, immediately directing the parent to therapy may feel dismissive of their immediate distress. A more supportive and solution-focused approach, such as discussing respite care, directly addresses the caregiver's burden.

B. “Taking care of anyone with complex medical needs can be very overwhelming. What has your healthcare team told you about respite care?” This response validates the parent's feelings while offering a practical solution. Respite care can provide temporary relief for caregivers, allowing them time to rest and recover, which can reduce burnout.

C. "You seem to be under a lot of stress. Have you tried reading self-help books on coping with stress?" While self-help books may provide general coping strategies, this suggestion does not acknowledge the immediate emotional burden the parent is experiencing or offer direct assistance.

D. "Has something changed with your child's health condition? You can usually handle taking care of them. I will schedule a follow-up appointment with their provider to see what is going on.” Assuming the parent can "usually handle" caregiving may invalidate their struggle. Additionally, suggesting a medical follow-up for the child rather than addressing the caregiver’s needs misses the core issue of caregiver stress.

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A nurse is assisting in the care of a toddler whose caregivers have questions about allergies. Which of the following should the nurse identify as the most common allergic reaction in children?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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