A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about avoiding foods with tyramine. The client states, "Thank you for all of this information, but it's just not for me. I eat what I want when I want it." Which of the following stages of change is the client demonstrating?

Preparation

Action

Contemplation

Precontemplation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Preparation: In this stage, individuals recognize the need for change and start making plans, such as gathering information or setting goals. The client, however, shows no intent to change dietary habits.
B. Action: This stage involves actively modifying behaviors and consistently implementing changes. The client is not taking any steps toward dietary adjustments, indicating they are not in this stage.
C. Contemplation: Individuals in this stage acknowledge the need for change and consider making adjustments but have not yet committed. The client, by dismissing the information, is not showing contemplation.
D. Precontemplation: This stage is characterized by a lack of awareness or denial of the need for change. The client’s response suggests they do not see dietary restrictions as necessary and are resistant to modifying their eating habits.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Avoid looking at other clients on the unit." Distractions reduce the quality of communication and make the client feel undervalued. Focusing on the client demonstrates attentiveness and encourages open dialogue. Looking at others while a client speaks may suggest disinterest. Giving full attention strengthens therapeutic relationships and supports effective listening.
B. "Interrupt the client's statement to clarify thoughts or ideas." Interrupting can disrupt the client’s thoughts and make them feel unheard. Active listening requires patience, allowing the client to speak fully before responding. Clarifications should be made after they finish to ensure understanding. Frequent interruptions may hinder trust and open communication.
C. "Show emotion when a client is disclosing sensitive information." While empathy is important, excessive emotional reactions can shift focus away from the client. A calm and composed demeanor helps maintain a supportive environment. Overreacting may make the client feel uncomfortable or hesitant to share. Active listening involves offering validation without overwhelming emotional responses.
D. "Keep direct eye contact to a minimum." Eye contact conveys attentiveness and respect, helping to establish rapport. Avoiding eye contact may make the client feel ignored or dismissed. However, excessive staring can be intimidating, so a balanced approach is best. Appropriate eye contact fosters trust and enhances communication.

A. "Persistent depressive disorder is a mild chronic form of depression." B. "Persistent depressive disorder is characterized by delusions and hallucinations." C. "Persistent depressive occurs shortly after taking or withdrawing from a substance." D. "Persistent depressive is characterized by both manic and depressive episodes."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Persistent depressive disorder is a mild chronic form of depression." PDD, previously known as dysthymia, is a long-lasting depressive condition with persistent low mood for at least two years. Symptoms are less severe than major depressive disorder but are continuous and can significantly impact daily life. While not as acute as major depression, PDD requires management through therapy, medication, and lifestyle modifications.
B. "Persistent depressive disorder is characterized by delusions and hallucinations." Psychotic features such as delusions and hallucinations are not typical of persistent depressive disorder (PDD). These symptoms are more commonly associated with major depressive disorder with psychotic features or schizophrenia. PDD primarily involves chronic low-grade depression rather than severe psychotic symptoms.
C. "Persistent depressive occurs shortly after taking or withdrawing from a substance." Substance-induced depressive disorder is a distinct diagnosis that results from drug use or withdrawal. Persistent depressive disorder is not caused by substance use but is a long-term mood disorder that lasts for at least two years. The symptoms are chronic and not directly linked to substance intake or withdrawal.
D. "Persistent depressive is characterized by both manic and depressive episodes." Bipolar disorder, not persistent depressive disorder, is characterized by alternating manic and depressive episodes. PDD involves a chronic, low-level depressive state without manic symptoms. Individuals with PDD may experience periods of worsening depression, but they do not exhibit the high-energy or euphoric states seen in bipolar disorder.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about avoiding foods with tyramine. The client states, "Thank you for all of this information, but it's just not for me. I eat what I want when I want it." Which of the following stages of change is the client demonstrating?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse manager is instructing a newly licensed nurse in ways to improve their active listening skills. Which of the following behaviors should the nurse manager recommend?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who has persistent depressive disorder. When reinforcing education to the client about their illness, which of the following statements should the nurse make?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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