A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has an ankle injury and requires crutches. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?

"Maintain your head and neck erect when walking with crutches."

"Keep your elbows flexed at a 35° angle when using the crutches."

"Support your body weight by leaning on the crutches."

“Wash the tips of your crutches daily."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. "Maintain your head and neck erect when walking with crutches.": This is incorrect. The focus should be on posture and the use of crutches, not just the head and neck. Maintaining an erect posture is essential, but this option is too narrow and doesn’t provide full guidance on proper crutch use.

B. "Keep your elbows flexed at a 35° angle when using the crutches.": This is correct. The elbows should be slightly bent, approximately at a 30- to 35-degree angle, to ensure proper use of the crutches. This position prevents excessive strain on the shoulders and wrists while providing effective support.

C. "Support your body weight by leaning on the crutches.": This is incorrect. The crutches should not bear the entire weight of the body. Instead, the weight should be distributed through the arms and hands with the crutches supporting some of the load. Leaning on the crutches can lead to nerve damage or further injury.

D. “Wash the tips of your crutches daily.": This is incorrect. While it is important to keep crutches clean, washing the tips daily is unnecessary. It is more important to check the crutches for wear and tear and ensure the rubber tips are intact and provide proper traction.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Expressing conflict over independence and control is incorrect. This behavior is more characteristic of adolescents, who struggle with autonomy as they develop their identity. Nine-year-old children are still largely influenced by parents and rules.

B. Demonstrating self-centered thinking is incorrect. Egocentric thinking is typical in preschool-aged children, while school-aged children develop the ability to see other perspectives and think more logically.

C. Displaying emotional detachment from parents is incorrect. While school-aged children begin to form peer relationships, they typically maintain strong emotional connections with their parents rather than detaching from them.

D. Grasping the concept of cause-and-effect is correct. At this stage, children develop logical thinking and an understanding of consequences, allowing them to recognize how actions lead to specific outcomes.

A. Respiratory acidosis B. Hypermagnesemia C. Hypertension D. Hypokalemia

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Respiratory acidosis is incorrect. Chronic diarrhea typically leads to metabolic acidosis, not respiratory acidosis. Metabolic acidosis occurs due to the loss of bicarbonate through diarrhea, which affects the body’s acid-base balance.

B. Hypermagnesemia is incorrect. Chronic diarrhea is more likely to lead to hypomagnesemia due to the loss of electrolytes through frequent bowel movements, not an increase in magnesium levels.

C. Hypertension is incorrect. Chronic diarrhea generally leads to dehydration and hypotension due to fluid loss rather than high blood pressure.

D. Hypokalemia is correct. Chronic diarrhea causes significant potassium loss, which can result in hypokalemia (low potassium levels). Potassium is lost in the stool, and this depletion can lead to muscle weakness, arrhythmias, and other complications.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has an ankle injury and requires crutches. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?

Nursing Test Bank

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