A charge nurse in a long-term care facility is discussing ethical theories with a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following statements should the charge nurse identify as an indication that a newly licensed nurse understands utilitarianism?

“I will consider what is going to benefit the most people when making decisions.”

"I will respect the decision of a client who has a chronic illness to stop treatment."

"I will place a higher emphasis on human dignity than on the needs of a group."

"I will withhold a terminal diagnosis from a client who has cancer."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. “I will consider what is going to benefit the most people when making decisions.”: This is correct. Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that focuses on the greatest good for the greatest number of people. Decisions are made based on the outcomes that benefit the most individuals, even if they might not always align with individual preferences.

B. "I will respect the decision of a client who has a chronic illness to stop treatment.": This reflects the principle of autonomy, not utilitarianism. Autonomy focuses on respecting an individual's right to make their own decisions, rather than the greater good.

C. "I will place a higher emphasis on human dignity than on the needs of a group.": This statement leans more toward a deontological perspective, which prioritizes individual rights and dignity over collective benefits.

D. "I will withhold a terminal diagnosis from a client who has cancer.": This reflects a paternalistic approach, where decisions are made by healthcare providers for the patient, which is not a principle of utilitarianism. Utilitarianism would consider the benefits and harms of full disclosure to the patient, rather than withholding information.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Insertion of a nasogastric tube: While informed consent is important for many procedures, the insertion of a nasogastric (NG) tube is generally considered a routine procedure that may not require formal informed consent unless specific complications or risks are involved.

B. Administration of an iron injection using Z-track technique: Informed consent is typically required for procedures with inherent risks or invasive elements, but routine administration of iron injections is not typically classified as needing informed consent, unless there are specific concerns.

C. Irrigation of a wound with antibiotic solution: Irrigation of a wound is typically a low-risk procedure, and although it is important to inform the client about the treatment, it generally does not require formal informed consent unless there are complications or risks involved.

D. Placement of a central venous catheter: Informed consent is required for the placement of a central venous catheter, as it is an invasive procedure with potential risks such as infection, bleeding, and damage to blood vessels. This procedure requires the nurse to obtain and document the client's consent before proceeding.

A. Heart rhythm B. Urinary output C. Pain sensation D. Muscle strength

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Heart rhythm: This is correct. Hypothermia, indicated by a body temperature of 32.5°C (90.5°F), can affect the cardiovascular system, potentially causing arrhythmias or even cardiac arrest. Monitoring heart rhythm is critical because of the risk of life-threatening cardiac complications associated with severe hypothermia.

B. Urinary output: While urinary output may decrease in hypothermic conditions due to vasoconstriction, it is not the priority. Cardiac function takes precedence, as severe hypothermia can lead to fatal arrhythmias.

C. Pain sensation: Although decreased pain sensation can occur in hypothermia, it is less urgent to monitor compared to the potential for life-threatening arrhythmias or cardiac arrest.

D. Muscle strength: While hypothermia can impair muscle strength, it is not the priority compared to monitoring for cardiac irregularities, which can be fatal if left unchecked.

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A charge nurse in a long-term care facility is discussing ethical theories with a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following statements should the charge nurse identify as an indication that a newly licensed nurse understands utilitarianism?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the plan of care for a group of clients. The nurse should identify that informed consent is required for which of the following procedures?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who had prolonged exposure to cold weather and has a core body temperature of 32.5°C (90.5°F). Which of the following data is the priority for the nurse to monitor?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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