A charge nurse in a long-term care facility is discussing ethical theories with a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following statements should the charge nurse identify as an indication that a newly licensed nurse understands utilitarianism?

A. "Self-administer oxygen through your nasal cannula at 6 milliliters per minute during meals." is incorrect. Oxygen should not typically be increased during meals unless specifically prescribed by the provider. If the client has difficulty eating due to breathlessness, a more individualized plan is needed.

B. "Drink at least 240 milliliters of water during each meal." is incorrect. Clients with COPD may have difficulty breathing when consuming large amounts of fluids during meals. Overhydration could also worsen fluid retention in some cases. The amount of fluid should be tailored to the client’s needs and prescribed by the healthcare provider.

C. "Perform pulmonary hygiene 1 hour before meals." is correct. Pulmonary hygiene (such as postural drainage, coughing techniques, and deep breathing exercises) should be performed before meals to clear the airways and improve the ability to breathe while eating, preventing aspiration and difficulty breathing.

D. "Lie down for 30 minutes after eating." is incorrect. Lying down after eating can increase the risk of aspiration, especially in clients with COPD who may already have a compromised respiratory system. The client should be advised to remain upright after meals to prevent reflux and aspiration.

A. Tachypnea: Tachypnea (rapid breathing) is not a typical effect of magnesium sulfate. Magnesium sulfate is more likely to cause respiratory depression, especially at higher doses, rather than increasing the rate of breathing.

B. Tachycardia: Tachycardia (rapid heart rate). is not a common finding with magnesium sulfate administration. Magnesium sulfate typically causes a decrease in heart rate (bradycardia. and may also contribute to hypotension.

C. Hypotension: Hypotension is the correct finding. Magnesium sulfate has a vasodilatory effect, which can lead to a drop in blood pressure. This is a well-known side effect of magnesium sulfate, particularly when administered intravenously.

D. Hyperthermia: Hyperthermia (elevated body temperature). is not a typical finding associated with magnesium sulfate. Instead, magnesium sulfate can sometimes cause mild flushing, but it does not generally lead to an increase in body temperature.