A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who takes lithium carbonate for bipolar disorder. For which of the following findings should the nurse monitor as an adverse effect of lithium carbonate?
Thyroid enlargement
Constipation
Hyporeflexia
Elevated blood pressure
The Correct Answer is A
A. Lithium can cause hypothyroidism and goiter as adverse effects. Therefore, monitoring of thyroid function and physical examination for thyroid enlargement is necessary during lithium therapy.
B. Constipation is not a typical adverse effect of lithium carbonate. It's more commonly associated with side effects such as nausea, diarrhea, or polyuria.
C. Hyporeflexia is not commonly associated with lithium carbonate use. Lithium more commonly affects the central nervous system, leading to symptoms such as tremors, confusion, and seizures in cases of toxicity.
D. Lithium is more commonly associated with the opposite effect, lowering blood pressure rather than elevating it. It's known to have effects on sodium transport in renal tubules, leading to increased water retention and possibly hypotension.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Diazepam, a benzodiazepine, is known to cause drowsiness and sedation as a common side effect. Patients should be advised to avoid activities requiring mental alertness, such as driving or operating machinery, until they understand how the medication affects them.
B. Even a single dose of diazepam can cause side effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, and impaired coordination. Patients should be aware of potential side effects regardless of the number of doses taken.
C. While grapefruit juice can interact with certain medications by affecting their metabolism, it doesn't directly inactivate diazepam. However, it may increase the risk of side effects by altering the metabolism of the medication, leading to higher blood levels.
D. Tyramine is not typically a concern with diazepam. Tyramine-containing foods are more relevant in the context of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), a different class of medications used to treat depression.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. The deltoid muscle is typically used for intramuscular injections in adults, but it is not the preferred site for newborns due to their small muscle mass.
B. The vastus lateralis muscle, located on the lateral aspect of the thigh, is the preferred site for intramuscular injections in newborns and infants due to its large muscle mass and accessibility.
C. While the ventrogluteal site is commonly used for intramuscular injections in adults, it may not be as easily accessible or preferred in newborns.
D. The dorsogluteal site is not recommended for intramuscular injections in newborns due to the risk of injury to the sciatic nerve and other underlying structures.
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