A nurse is caring for a client who begins showing signs of alcohol withdrawal delirium. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer?

Methadone

Acamprosate

Disulfiram

Lorazepam

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Methadone is an opioid agonist primarily used for the management of opioid dependence and chronic pain. It is not indicated for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal or delirium.
B.   Acamprosate is a medication used to support abstinence in individuals who have recently stopped drinking alcohol. It is not typically used to manage acute alcohol withdrawal symptoms such as delirium tremens.
C.   Disulfiram is a medication used as an aversive therapy to deter alcohol consumption by causing unpleasant reactions (e.g., flushing, nausea, vomiting) when alcohol is ingested. It is not indicated for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal or delirium.
D.   Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine commonly used to manage alcohol withdrawal symptoms, including delirium tremens. It acts by enhancing the inhibitory effects of gamma- aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the central nervous system, thereby reducing the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal such as seizures.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Methylergonovine is not indicated for preventing postpartum infections. Its primary action is on uterine smooth muscle to induce contractions, rather than having antimicrobial properties.
B. While methylergonovine can cause hypertension as a side effect, it's not used to prevent hypertension. It is used primarily to prevent or treat postpartum hemorrhage by promoting uterine contraction.
C. Methylergonovine is a uterotonic medication used to prevent or treat postpartum hemorrhage by causing uterine contractions, thereby reducing the risk of excessive bleeding after childbirth.
D. Methylergonovine does not prevent thromboembolic events; its mechanism of action primarily involves stimulation of uterine smooth muscle contraction rather than affecting blood coagulation.

A. Notify your provider if you experience a sore throat or fever while taking this medication. B. Urine that is dark yellow or orange is an expected adverse effect of this medication. C. Take the medication with an antacid to decrease stomach upset. D. You might experience bleeding gums while taking this medication.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Azithromycin is an antibiotic commonly used to treat infections such as chlamydia. While it's generally well-tolerated, it can rarely cause serious side effects such as allergic reactions or severe skin reactions. Sore throat or fever may indicate such adverse effects, and patients

should be instructed to contact their healthcare provider immediately if they experience these symptoms.
B. Dark yellow or orange urine is not a typical side effect of azithromycin. It can be caused by drugs such as rifampin.
C. Taking azithromycin with an antacid is generally not necessary and may interfere with the absorption of the medication. It's usually recommended to take azithromycin on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals, unless otherwise directed by a healthcare provider.
D. Bleeding gums are not a common side effect of azithromycin. If a patient experiences unusual bleeding or bruising, they should seek medical attention, but this symptom is not specifically associated with azithromycin use.

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A nurse is caring for a client who begins showing signs of alcohol withdrawal delirium. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer?

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