A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who was diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and requires insulin injections. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I should dispose of my used syringes in the household trash."

"I will store my current bottle of insulin in the refrigerator."

“I will hold the needle at a 15° angle to my skin."

“I should use an injection site that is 1 inch from the previous site.“

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Disposing of used syringes in the household trash poses a risk of accidental needle sticks to others. The correct method of disposal is using a puncture-resistant container.
B. Storing the current bottle of insulin in the refrigerator is the correct practice to maintain the stability and effectiveness of the insulin. Insulin should be kept refrigerated until opened and
then can be kept at room temperature for up to 28 days.

C. Holding the needle at a 15° angle to the skin is not the recommended technique for insulin injection. The correct angle for subcutaneous insulin injection is usually 45 or 90 degrees, depending on the client's body habitus and the length of the needle.
D. Using an injection site that is 1 inch from the previous site may lead to lipohypertrophy, a condition characterized by fatty tissue buildup under the skin, which can affect insulin absorption. It is recommended to rotate injection sites to avoid this complication.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A: Drawing up regular insulin before NPH is the correct technique, as regular insulin is short-acting and NPH is intermediate-acting. Mixing insulins should be done in a specific order to prevent contamination or altering the action of the insulins.
B: Seeing a primary care provider for foot care is appropriate for a person with diabetes. Foot care is essential due to the high risk of foot problems in diabetes, and a primary care provider can offer appropriate treatment and guidance.
C: Treating hypoglycemic reactions with 15 g of carbohydrates is the recommended initial treatment. This quick-acting source of sugar helps to raise blood glucose levels efficiently during a hypoglycemic episode.
D: Listing sweating, shaking, and palpitations as symptoms is incorrect for hyperglycemia; these are symptoms of hypoglycemia. Hyperglycemia symptoms include frequent urination, increased thirst, and blurred vision. This indicates a lack of understanding of the difference between hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, which is crucial for managing diabetes.

A. "You need to limit your sodium intake to less than 2 grams per day." B. "You should consume more than 40 milligrams of fiber each day." C. "You need to drink 5 to 6 glasses of fluids each day." D. "You should consume 1,300 milligrams of calcium each day." E. "You should consume 1,300 milligrams of calcium each day."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Incorrect. While limiting sodium intake is important for overall health, it is not typically emphasized specifically during pregnancy unless there are specific medical indications.
B. Incorrect. While fiber is important for digestive health, the focus during pregnancy is usually on ensuring an adequate intake of nutrients like iron, calcium, and folate.
C. Incorrect. While staying hydrated is important during pregnancy, there is no specific recommendation for a set number of glasses of fluids per day. Fluid needs can vary depending on factors such as activity level, climate, and individual health status.
D. Correct. Adequate calcium intake is crucial during pregnancy for the development of the baby's bones and teeth. The recommended daily intake of calcium for adolescents during pregnancy is 1,300 milligrams.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who was diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and requires insulin injections. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?

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