A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the parent of a child who is newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Which of the following guidelines should the nurse include?
"Your child should increase carbohydrate intake when sick."
"You should omit your child's bedtime snack."
"Your child's meal plan should consist mainly of proteins."
"Your child's meal plan should include a snack before physical activity."
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A) Increasing carbohydrate intake when sick can disrupt blood sugar control and should be done cautiously under the guidance of a healthcare provider.
B) Omitting the bedtime snack can lead to overnight hypoglycemia, especially in children with diabetes who are at risk for low blood sugar during the night.
C) While proteins are part of a balanced diet, the main focus of a child's meal plan with diabetes should be on balancing carbohydrates with proteins and fats for better blood sugar control.
D) Including a snack before physical activity helps prevent hypoglycemia during exercise by providing additional carbohydrates to fuel the activity.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A: By the age of 7, most children have a grasp of days and dates as part of their routine. However, not being able to verbalize the date does not necessarily indicate a developmental delay, as it could be related to the child's learning environment or educational opportunities.
B: Counting backwards is a skill that develops with age and practice. A 7-year-old may struggle with this task due to various reasons such as lack of practice, but it is not a definitive sign of a developmental delay.
C: Making change involves complex cognitive skills including math, understanding of money value, and transactions, which may still be developing in a 7-year-old. This skill varies widely among children and is influenced by their experiences with money.
D: The ability to distinguish right from left is a developmental milestone typically achieved by the age of 5 to 6 years. Persistent difficulty in telling the difference between right and left at the age of 7 could suggest a developmental delay in spatial awareness.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A) Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that helps prevent bronchospasms by reducing inflammation in the airways.
B) Montelukast is not a corticosteroid; it works through a different mechanism to control asthma symptoms.
C) Montelukast is not used for acute asthma attacks; it is used for long-term management and prevention of asthma symptoms.
D) Montelukast can be taken once daily, typically in the evening, and does not necessarily need to be taken first thing in the morning.
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