A nurse is replacing a dressing for a client who has an abdominal incision with a closed wound drain. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Push the skin down while gently removing the tape.

Dry the incision with sterile gauze pads.

Lift the soiled dressing so that the underside faces the client.

Clean around the drain site using horizontal strokes.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A Reason:

Pushing the skin down while gently removing the tape is incorrect. Pushing the skin while removing tape could cause unnecessary discomfort or trauma to the skin and the incision area. Gentle removal of tape without pulling the skin is recommended to avoid skin injury.

Choice B Reason:

Drying the incision with sterile gauze pads is incorrect. Generally, it's advisable not to dry the incision site with sterile gauze pads as this might cause trauma or disruption to the healing tissues. Patting the incision site dry or allowing it to air dry gently after cleansing is preferable.

Choice C Reason:

Lifting the soiled dressing so that the underside faces the client is correct. Lifting the soiled dressing in a manner that the underside faces the client helps prevent potential contamination of the wound by minimizing contact between the external surface of the dressing and the incision site. This technique reduces the risk of introducing pathogens into the wound during the dressing change.

Choice D Reason:

Cleaning around the drain site using horizontal strokes is incorrect. When cleaning around the drain site, it's typically recommended to use gentle and careful motions without specific emphasis on strokes, as this might cause friction or trauma to the area around the drain. Instead, using gentle circular motions or dabbing around the site is often advised for wound care.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Increase in fluid requirements is incorrect. An increase in fluid requirements is more likely to contribute to changes in fluid balance and not necessarily to long-term weight gain. While short-term fluctuations in fluid retention can affect weight, sustained weight gain is not typically attributed to increased fluid intake.

Choice B Reason:

Decrease in vitamin intake is incorrect. While inadequate vitamin intake can have various health implications, direct weight gain is not a typical outcome. However, a poor diet that lacks essential nutrients, including vitamins, can lead to overall health issues, potentially influencing weight management indirectly.

Choice C Reason:

Increase in protein requirements is incorrect. An increase in protein requirements, in itself, is not likely to result in weight gain. However, a diet with an excess of calories, including proteins, can contribute to weight gain. It's essential to consider the overall dietary balance and caloric intake.

Choice D Reason:

Decrease in muscle mass is correct. Decrease in muscle mass, known as sarcopenia, is a common age-related change. As muscle mass decreases, there can be a reduction in metabolic rate, potentially leading to weight gain. Additionally, the loss of muscle may be accompanied by an increase in fat mass, contributing to changes in overall body composition.

A. Rub the puncture site with an alcohol pad. B. Apply firm pressure to the puncture site. C. Wrap the client's hand in a warm washcloth. D. Have the client raise his hand.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Rubbing the puncture site with an alcohol pad is inappropriate. Rubbing the puncture site with an alcohol pad can cause vasoconstriction and make it more difficult to obtain a blood sample.

Choice B Reason:

Applying firm pressure to the puncture site is inappropriate. Applying firm pressure can further reduce blood flow to the puncture site, making it more challenging to collect an adequate blood sample.

Choice C Reason:

Wrapping the client's hand in a warm washcloth is appropriate. Applying a warm compress to the puncture site can help dilate the blood vessels and improve blood flow, making it easier to obtain a sufficient blood sample. This is especially beneficial for older adults who may have reduced blood flow to the extremities.

Choice D Reason:

Having the client raise his hand is inappropriate. Raising the hand may not be as effective as applying a warm washcloth in promoting blood flow to the puncture site. The warm washcloth helps to encourage vasodilation and improve the chances of obtaining an adequate blood sample.

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A nurse is replacing a dressing for a client who has an abdominal incision with a closed wound drain. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

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